Chapter 8, Problem 8.52AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reason for disruption of lipid bilayer of cell membrane by ethanol and $\text{1-propanol}$ is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

The lipid bilayer of the cell membrane is made of both polar and non-polar part. The polar head contains ionic phosphate groups. The non-polar tail contains long chain hydrocarbons. The lipid bilayer is both hydrophobic as well as hydrophilic in nature. The presence of long hydrocarbon chain does not allow any ionic group to cross the lipid bilayer.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Sugars like glucose do not diffuse through cell membrane is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

The lipid bilayer of the cell membrane is made of both polar and non-polar part. The polar head contains ionic phosphate groups. The non-polar tail contains long chain hydrocarbons. The lipid bilayer is both hydrophobic as well as hydrophilic in nature. The presence of long hydrocarbon chain does not allow any ionic group to cross the lipid bilayer.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The value $\Delta S^{\circ }$ for transfer of the salt $\text{B}{\text{u}}_{\text{4}}{\text{N}}^{\text{+}}\text{C}{\text{l}}^{\text{-}}$ from water to DMSO is strongly positive is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

The favorable interaction of dissolved molecule with solvent is known as solvation. The favorable interaction with solvent and solute results in the solvating the ion. Thus the interactions are hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole and electrostatic interaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The higher solubility of diethyl ether in water than $\text{1-pentanol}$ is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

The solubility of different compounds in water depends on the interaction between the compound and water molecule. Water forms hydrogen bonding with many compounds, which increases their solubility in water. The molecules which form hydrogen bonding among itself are less soluble in water. They require high salvation energy to break the hydrogen bonding and then solvates in water.