Use the ramp generator circuit in Fig. B2a to generate the waveform shown in Fig. B2b. Write four equations relating resistors R1, R2, R3, capacitor C and voltages Vs, VR and VA.to the waveform parameters T₁, T, Vcm and Vm- If R = R2 = R3, R₁ = 2R, C = 1 nF, Vcm = 2 V and Vm = 1 V, T₁ = 2 μs and T = 10 μs solve for the values of R, Vs, VR and VA using your equations from part a(i). VR C +VA R3 V₂ Vo мат R1 VsO+ V₁ R₂ Figure B2a Vout Vcm+Vm Vcm Vcm-Vm 0 T₁ T 2T time Figure B2b

The circuit in Figure B1a is a common analogue circuit block. Explain why you would need such a circuit. Draw another circuit in which you use the current flowing in this loop to bias a common source amplifier. This circuit is not ideal for standard CMOS technologies due to threshold shift. Why? Draw an improved version of this circuit to make it better. VDD (W)P MA M3. (), REF (쁜)~ M₁ M2 lout 시~ Rs

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Draw the small-signal equivalent circuit of a single transistor amplifier given in figure B1b. Assume the current source to be ideal. Determine the Open-loop transfer function, pole frequency and gain-bandwidth product all in terms of transistor parameters 9m, To and CL. If the load capacitance is 1pF and the necessary unity gain frequency is 600MHz, find the gm for this transistor. V₁ V₁ CL

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