(Financial: credit card number validation) Credit card numbers follow certain pat- terns. A credit card number must have between 13 and 16 digits. It must start with: 4 for Visa cards 5 for Master cards 37 for American Express cards 6 for Discover cards In 1954, Hans Luhn of IBM proposed an algorithm for validating credit card numbers. The algorithm is useful to determine whether a card number is entered correctly or whether a credit card is scanned correctly by a scanner. Credit card numbers are generated following this validity check, commonly known as the Luhn check or the Mod 10 check, which can be described as follows (for illustra- tion, consider the card number 4388576018402626): 1. Double every second digit from right to left. If doubling of a digit results in a two-digit number, add up the two digits to get a single-digit number. 4388576018402626 → 2 * 2 = 4 → 2 * 2 = 4 → 4 * 2 = 8 → 1 * 2 = 2 6 * 2 = 12 (1+ 2 = 3) → 5 * 2 = 10 (1+ 0 = 1) → 8 * 2 = 16 (1 + 6 = 7) → 4 * 2 = 8

(Count positive and negative numbers and compute the average of numbers) Write a program that reads an unspecified number of integers, determines how many positive and negative values have been read, and computes the total and average of the input values (not counting zeros). Your program ends with the input 0. Display the average as a floating-point number. *********** USE PYTHON ********* Sample Run 1 Sample Output 1: Enter an integer, the input ends if it is 0: 1 Enter an integer, the input ends if it is 0: 2 Enter an integer, the input ends if it is 0: -1 Enter an integer, the input ends if it is 0: 3 Enter an integer, the input ends if it is 0: 0 The number of positives is 3 The number of negatives is 1 The total is 5 The average is 1.25     Sample Run 2 Sample Output 2: Enter an integer, the input ends if it is 0: 0 No numbers are entered except 0

(Phone key pads) The international standard letter/number mapping found on the telephone is shown below: 100 2 abc 3 def 4 ghi 5 ikl 6mno 7pgrs 8 tuv 9wxyz Write a program that prompts the user to enter a letter and displays its correspond- ing number.

(Integer) Bit Operators. Write a program that takes begin and end values and prints out a decimal, binary, octal, hexadecimal chart like below. If any of the characters are printable ASCII characters, then print those, too. If none is, you may omit the ASCII column header.    

(Sort three integers) Write a program that prompts the user to enter THREE integers and display the integers in decreasing order. Prepare your problem analysis and algorithm (pseudocode or flowchart) to plan your solution.

4. (Looping statement) java     Given an integer, display its reversed order.     Sample Output:        Enter n : 876     The reversed order of 876 is 678.

4: Format.cpp) Write a program that gets two real values from the user, prints their sum and product in scientific notation, and prints their sum and product in fixed point notation. Print answers to three decimal places.

(Sum a Sequence of Integers) Write a program that sums a sequence of integers. Assume thatthe first integer read with scanf specifies the number of values remaining to be entered. Your program should read only one value each time scanf is executed. A typical input sequence might be5 100 200 300 400 500where the 5 indicates that the subsequent five values are to be summed.

(IN C LANGUAGE) Binary-Decimal / Decimal Binary . Between 0 and 255 a number will be decided randomly by computer. Then asks to user 3 times a random digit of binary value of the that number. If user enters wrong number for a digit program will select another random number and ask random times random digit. For example: Computer selected number as 163 ( Which is 10100011) What is the digit 2 (question 1/3) :User enter 1 CorrectWhat is the digit 4 (question 2/3) : User enter 0 CorrectWhat is the digit 7 (question 3/3) : User enter 0 CorrectUser finished the quest with 3 input .