(a) Interpretation: The electronic configuration of Pb needs to be written. Concept introduction: The general rules of filling of electrons in orbitals and shells are as follows: Aufbau principle: According to this principle, the electrons are filled in order of increasing energy of atomic orbitals thus, the atomic orbital with lower energy is filled first followed by the orbital with higher energy. The atomic orbitals having lower value of principal quantum number have lower energy. Hund’s rule: An atomic orbital can have maximum of two electrons. In the orbitals with same energy, all the atomic orbitals are first filled with 1 electron each and then pairing of electrons takes place. Pauli Exclusion principle: In an atomic orbital, no 2 electrons can have same set of four quantum numbers. If they are present in atomic orbital with same n, l and m values thus, they must have opposite spin or the value of spin quantum number, s must be different.
(a) Interpretation: The electronic configuration of Pb needs to be written. Concept introduction: The general rules of filling of electrons in orbitals and shells are as follows: Aufbau principle: According to this principle, the electrons are filled in order of increasing energy of atomic orbitals thus, the atomic orbital with lower energy is filled first followed by the orbital with higher energy. The atomic orbitals having lower value of principal quantum number have lower energy. Hund’s rule: An atomic orbital can have maximum of two electrons. In the orbitals with same energy, all the atomic orbitals are first filled with 1 electron each and then pairing of electrons takes place. Pauli Exclusion principle: In an atomic orbital, no 2 electrons can have same set of four quantum numbers. If they are present in atomic orbital with same n, l and m values thus, they must have opposite spin or the value of spin quantum number, s must be different.
Solution Summary: The author explains the general rules of filling of electrons in orbitals and shells, such as Aufbau principle and Pauli Exclusion principle.
Definition Definition Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It uniquely identifies an element, as the number of protons determines the element's properties. The periodic table of elements is arranged based on increasing atomic numbers, allowing scientists to easily locate and study elements.
Chapter 8, Problem 81E
Interpretation Introduction
(a)
Interpretation:
The electronic configuration of Pb needs to be written.
Concept introduction:
The general rules of filling of electrons in orbitals and shells are as follows:
Aufbau principle:
According to this principle, the electrons are filled in order of increasing energy of atomic orbitals thus, the atomic orbital with lower energy is filled first followed by the orbital with higher energy.
The atomic orbitals having lower value of principal quantum number have lower energy.
Hund’s rule:
An atomic orbital can have maximum of two electrons. In the orbitals with same energy, all the atomic orbitals are first filled with 1 electron each and then pairing of electrons takes place.
Pauli Exclusion principle:
In an atomic orbital, no 2 electrons can have same set of four quantum numbers. If they are present in atomic orbital with same n, l and m values thus, they must have opposite spin or the value of spin quantum number, s must be different.
Interpretation Introduction
(b)
Interpretation:
A plausible electronic configuration needs tobe written for the element Flerovium.
Concept introduction:
The general rules of filling of electrons in orbitals and shells are as follows:
Aufbau principle:
According to this principle, the electrons are filled in order of increasing energy of atomic orbitals thus, the atomic orbital with lower energy is filled first followed by the orbital with higher energy.
The atomic orbitals having lower value of principal quantum number have lower energy.
Hund’s rule:
An atomic orbital can have maximum of two electrons. In the orbitals with same energy, all the atomic orbitals are first filled with 1 electron each and then pairing of electrons takes place.
Pauli Exclusion principle:
In an atomic orbital, no 2 electrons can have same set of four quantum numbers. If they are present in atomic orbital with same n, l and m values thus, they must have opposite spin or the value of spin quantum number, s must be different.
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Quantum Numbers, Atomic Orbitals, and Electron Configurations; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aoi4j8es4gQ;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY