Elementary Surveying, Global Edition
Elementary Surveying, Global Edition
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781292060491
Author: Charles D. Ghilani, Paul Wolf
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 8.17P
To determine

The instrumental errors that are compensated by averaging an equal number of observations with the telescope direct and reversed.

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Question 4 An engineer is assigned to design a 25-stories office building which has a building height of 75 m. Reinforced concrete shear wall system as shown in Figure Q1(a) is adopted to resist the lateral loads. The shear wall is of thickness t = 350 mm and length L = 8.5 m. Use the following data: Young's modulus of concrete E = 28 kN/mm² and the lateral load intensity w = 1.20 kN/m². Assuming the frontal width of the building façade is 15 m is facing the wind force which in turn transmitting the wind force to the shear wall system, estimate the total value of sway A at the roof level. Question 6 If the similar building in Question 4 is designed using rigid frame method is to be designed to ensure the sway is within the allowable limit. If the building width is B, and with the same building height H=75m. Using a rough estimation method, calculate the maximum allowable deflection A at the roof level. (A) 9.46 mm (B) 189.26 mm (C) 14.20 mm 町 141.95 mm 1ST STOREY FLOOR LEV. Shear wall…
What are the biggest challenges estimators' face during the quantity takeoff and pricing phases?
Question IV (30%): A 22 m thick normally consolidated clay layer has a load of 150 kPa applied to it over a large areal extent. The clay layer is located below a 3.5 m thick granular fill (p= 1.8 Mg/m³). A dense sandy gravel is found below the clay. The groundwater table is located at the top of the clay layer, and the submerged density of the clay soil is 0.95 Mg/m³. Consolidation tests performed on 2.20 cm thick doubly drained samples indicate the time for 50% consolidation completed as t50 = 10.5 min for a load increment close to that of the loaded clay layer. Compute the effective stress in the clay layer at a depth of 16 m below the ground surface 3.5 years after the application of the load.
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