The major product for the given reaction is to be determined. Concept introduction: Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that react with substances that add to the double bond. Thus, they show addition reactions. When a hydrogen halides adds to an unsymmetrical alkene, the hydrogen gets attached to the carbon which has more hydrogen atoms. The halogen gets attached to the carbon that has less hydrogens. This is the Markovnikov’s rule. During hydroboration oxidation, hydrogen becomes bonded to the more substituted carbon atom of the double bond while the hydroxyl groups is bonded to less substituted carbon atom of the double bond.

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8, Problem 73DSP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that react with substances that add to the double bond. Thus, they show addition reactions.

When a hydrogen halides adds to an unsymmetrical alkene, the hydrogen gets attached to the carbon which has more hydrogen atoms. The halogen gets attached to the carbon that has less hydrogens. This is the Markovnikov’s rule.

During hydroboration oxidation, hydrogen becomes bonded to the more substituted carbon atom of the double bond while the hydroxyl groups is bonded to less substituted carbon atom of the double bond.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8, Problem 73DSP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that react with substances that add to the double bond. Thus, they show addition reactions.

When a hydrogen halides adds to an unsymmetrical alkene, the hydrogen gets attached to the carbon which has more hydrogen atoms. The halogen gets attached to the carbon that has less hydrogens. This is the Markovnikov’s rule.

During hydroboration oxidation, hydrogen becomes bonded to the more substituted carbon atom of the double bond while the hydroxyl groups is bonded to less substituted carbon atom of the double bond.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8, Problem 73DSP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that react with substances that add to the double bond. Thus, they show addition reactions.

When a hydrogen halides adds to an unsymmetrical alkene, the hydrogen gets attached to the carbon which has more hydrogen atoms. The halogen gets attached to the carbon that has less hydrogens. This is the Markovnikov’s rule.

During hydroboration oxidation, hydrogen becomes bonded to the more substituted carbon atom of the double bond while the hydroxyl groups is bonded to less substituted carbon atom of the double bond.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8, Problem 73DSP

Interpretation Introduction