Microeconomics, Student Value Edition Plus MyLab Economics with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (9th Edition) (Pearson Series in Economics)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134643175
Author: Robert Pindyck, Daniel Rubinfeld
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 6RQ
To determine
The automobile industry in the twentieth century.
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Giocattolo is a profit-maximizing firm producing toy cars, which it can produce and sell in its home country, Italy, and abroad in Spain. The average cost
(AC) curve on the following graph represents Giocattolo's cost of producing toy cars within one factory, whether in Italy or in Spain.
COST (Dollars per toy car)
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
4
2
0
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
80
QUANTITY (Thousands of toy cars)
AC
90 100
Suppose that at the current market price of toy cars, the demand for Giocattolo's product is 10,000 toy cars per year in Italy and 20,000 toy cars per
year in Spain. (Hint: Select each point on the previous graph to see its coordinates.)
Based on Giocattolo's average cost curve, within one factory it can produce 20,000 toy cars at $
per toy car, and produce the total of 30,000 toy cars at $
per toy car.
per car, produce 10,000 toy cars at
We’ve observed that there are few examples of perfectly competitive markets in the real world, yet we use the model of perfect competition as a comparison with other market structures. Can you think of any examples of monopoly in the real world?Describe something you believe could possibly called a monopoly and explain why it fits the characteristics of a monopoly.
Is your example a true, unregulated monopoly? (For example, Microsoft has been called a monopoly, but it is not the sole producer of computer operating systems, so strictly speaking it’s not a monopoly.)
If there are few true monopolies, what can we learn from studying that market structure?
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Microeconomics, Student Value Edition Plus MyLab Economics with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (9th Edition) (Pearson Series in Economics)
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Prob. 2RQCh. 8 - Prob. 3RQCh. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Prob. 7RQCh. 8 - Prob. 8RQCh. 8 - Prob. 9RQCh. 8 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 8 - Prob. 11RQCh. 8 - Prob. 12RQCh. 8 - Prob. 13RQCh. 8 - Prob. 14RQCh. 8 - Prob. 1ECh. 8 - Prob. 2ECh. 8 - Prob. 3ECh. 8 - Suppose you are the manager of a watchmaking firm...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5ECh. 8 - Prob. 6ECh. 8 - Prob. 7ECh. 8 - Prob. 8ECh. 8 - Prob. 9ECh. 8 - Prob. 10ECh. 8 - Prob. 11ECh. 8 - Prob. 12ECh. 8 - Prob. 13ECh. 8 - A sales tax of 1 per unit of output is placed on a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 15E
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- WHY SOME FIRMS MIGHT BE ABLE TO CONTINUE TO MAKE AN ACONOMIC PROFIT IN THE LONG RUN?arrow_forward7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the competitive market for rhenium. Assume that no matter how many firms operate in the industry, every firm is identical and faces the same marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves plotted in the following graph. COSTS (Dollars per pound) 100 90 80 70 60 40 20 10 + 0 + 0 MC + 5 ATC AVC D 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds) 40 + 45 50 ?arrow_forwardSuppose that you are a manager for a firm like EBC Brakes, which manufactures brakes for automobiles and motorcycles. Your company has two plants, one in the United States and the other in the United Kingdom. The following tables include estimated demand and marginal revenue for your brakes, along with the marginal costs at the two factories. what quantity and price maximize your firms profit? What is the profit – maximizing number of brakes produced in the U.S. plant? In the U.K. plant? Quantity Demanded (brakes per hour) Price (dollars per brake) Quantity Produced in the U.K. plant (brakes per hour) Quantity Produced in the U.S. (brakes per hour) Total Quantity Produced Marginal Cost (dollars per brake) Marginal Revenue (dollars per brake) 104 196 47 42 89 66 92 105 195 48 44 92 68 90 106 194 49 46 95 70 88 107 193 50 48 98 72 86 108 192 51 50 101 74 84 109 191 52 52 104…arrow_forward
- 7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the competitive market for rhodium. Assume that no matter how many firms operate in the industry, every firm is identical and faces the same marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves plotted in the following graph. COSTS (Dollars per pound) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 2 10 0 MC 0 5 ATC AVC ☐ ■ 10 15 20 25 30 35 QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds) 40 45 50 ?arrow_forward6. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the perfectly competitive market for steel. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. (? 100 90 80 70 60 50 ATC 30 20 AVC 10 MC O 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons) COSTS (Dollars per ton) 8arrow_forwardHenry Potter owns the only well in town that produces clean drinking water. He faces the following demand, marginal revenue, and marginal cost curves: Demand: P=60−QP=60−Q Marginal Revenue: MR=60−2QMR=60−2Q Marginal Cost: MC=QMC=Q On the following graph, use the blue line (circle symbol) to graph Mr. Potter's demand curve. Then, use the black line (cross symbol) to graph his marginal revenue (MR) curve. Next, use the orange line (square symbol) to graph his marginal cost (MC) curve. Finally, use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity. : The profit-maximizing quantity is___units, and the profit-maximizing price is___. Mayor George Bailey, concerned about water consumers, is considering a price ceiling that is 10% below the monopoly price. At this new price, the quantity demanded would be___units. At this quantity, the marginal cost would be___the price. Therefore, the profit-maximizing Mr. Potter___produce…arrow_forward
- The following diagram shows the market demand for copper. Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output, since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 15 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. 100 Supply (10 firms) 60 Supply (15 firms) 50 Supply (20 firma) Demand 30 20 10 125 250 375 500 25 750 s 1000 1125 1250 QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds) If there were 10 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of copper would be S would per pound. At that price, firms in this industry Therefore, in the long run, firms would the copper market. Because you know that perfecty competitive firms earn be s economic…arrow_forwardConsider the competitive market for rhodium. Assume that no matter how many firms operate in the industry, every firm is identical and faces the same marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves plotted in the following graph. COSTS (Dollars per pound) 80 2233 22 72 64 56 80 48 72 64 56 48 40 00 32 24 16 0 0 MCD ATC Demand 0 AVC The following graph plots the market demand curve for rhodium. -0. ☐ 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds) D Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 30…arrow_forwardThe following diagram shows the market demand for steel. Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 40 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 60 firms. PRICE (Dollars per ton) 80 72 Supply (20 firms) 64 58 Demand 48 Supply (40 firms) 40 32 2 24 16 8 ° 0 120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT (Thousands of tons) Supply (60 firms) ? If there were 60 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of steel would be $ Therefore, in the long run, firms would Because you know that perfectly competitive firms earn be $ per ton. At that price, firms in this industry…arrow_forward
- 7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the perfectly competitive market for steel. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. COSTS (Dollars per ton) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 ATC 30 20 10 + MC AVC 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT (Thousands of tons) The following diagram shows the market demand for steel. ⑦? Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 30 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry…arrow_forwardConsider the competitive market for steel. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. V AVC COSTS (Dollars per ton) 100 882 889 80 20 0 MC 5 25 30 35 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons) 15 20 10 45 40 50 The following diagram shows the market demand for steel.arrow_forward3. Two poultry farms supply companies with chicken feeds. The unit costs of shipping from the farms to the companies are given on the table below. The farm's goal is to minimize the cost of meeting customer's demands. (a) Generate a mathematical model for finding the least cost way of shipping chicken feeds from the farms to the companies. (b) if the demand of company number 2 increased by 3 units. By how much would the costs increase? Show your solution. Ic). Solve the total cost using the solver add-in in excel From Company 1 Company 2 Company 3 Supply Farm A 55 65 80 35 Farm B 10 15 25 50 Demand 10 10 10arrow_forward
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