1st Edition

ISBN: 9781938168048

Author: Paul Peter Urone, OpenStax, Roger Hinrichs

Publisher: OpenStax

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Chapter 8, Problem 49PE

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Ernest Rutherford (the first New Zealander to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry) demonstrated that nuclei were very small and dense by scattering helium-4 nuclei (⁴He) from gold-197 nuclei (¹⁹⁷Au). The energy of the incoming helium nucleus was 8.00 × 10 − 13 J, and the masses of the helium and gold nuclei were 6.68 × 10 − 27 kg and 3.29 × 10 − 25 kg, respectively (note that their mass ratio is 4 to 197). (a) If a helium nucleus scatters to an angle of 120° during an elastic collision with a gold nucleus, calculate the helium nucleus's final speed and the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of the gold nucleus. (b) What is the final kinetic energy of the helium nucleus?

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Chapter 8, Problem 48PE

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