Chapter 8, Problem 45E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For a given 11.2L sample of gas contains 0.50mole of ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}$. At constant temperature and pressure the number of moles of gas should be determined in the volume of 20.0L

Concept introduction:

In 1811 the Italian chemist Avogadro introduced a gaseous law with interpreting the relationship between the number of moles and the volume of a gas at constant temperature and pressure. That is the volume of gas towards the amount of substance present. This law is known as Avogadro’s law.

Avogadro’s law can be defined as,

   A gas kept in the particular container at constant pressure and temperature. If the amount (number of moles) of gas in the container is increased, the number of moles in the unit area of container is increased and the volume of container is increased. That is the volume of container is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas. As increasing the amount of substance of gas or the number of moles of gas, the volume of gas will expand. This direct relationship between the number of moles of gas and volume of gas is termed as Avogadro’s law.

Mathematically this law can be written as,

                                                                   $\text{V}\propto \text{n}$

                                                                   $\text{V=an}$

By rearranging,

                           $\frac{\text{V}}{\text{n}}\text{=a}$

Where n is the number of moles of gas and a is proportionality constant.

By comparing two systems at different conditions,

         $\frac{{\text{V}}_{\text{1}}}{{\text{n}}_{\text{1}}}\text{=}\frac{{\text{V}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{n}}_{\text{2}}}$