EBK THE COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135161760
Author: Voit
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 8, Problem 43EAP
To determine
To Explain: The difference between comets and asteroids.
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Compare and contrast the terrestrial planets to the gas giant planets. Be sure to include differences in size, density, and any special information about any of the planets.
How many impacts would you expect to strike a 100m2 region in one hour during Earth’s formation, assuming that Earth grew to its present size in 10 million years from particles averaging 100 grams each? (Hint: Assume that Earth had its current radius of 6378km.) (Notes: The surface area of a sphere is 4pir2 ; 1yr=3.2x107 .)
a. About 1300.
b. About 13 .
c. About 13,000.
d. About 130
1. Which of the outer planets have compositions dominated by the "ices" ingredient? Check the correct two.
2. Which of the outer planets have compositions dominated by the "gases" ingredient? Check the correct two.
3.
Most of the spaceflight missions to the outer planets have been flyby missions, but two of them were orbiters. Which of these two spacecraft orbited giant planets? Check the correct two.
(Hint: An orbiter might do a flyby of one planet and then go on to orbit a different planet.)
4.
Jupiter's mass is how many times larger than the Earth's?
Just type a number, no words or any other extra stuff.
5. Which of the outer planets has extreme seasons, with its rotational axis being tilted so much that it is practically in the plane of its orbit?
Chapter 8 Solutions
EBK THE COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 8 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 8 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 8 -
Briefly describe the four major features of our...Ch. 8 - What is the nebular theory, and why is it widely...Ch. 8 - What do we mean by the solar nebula? What was it...Ch. 8 -
4. Describe the three key processes that led the...Ch. 8 - List the approximate condensation temperature and...Ch. 8 - What was the frost line? Which ingredients...Ch. 8 - Briefly describe the process by which terrestrial...
Ch. 8 - How was the formation of jovian planets similar to...Ch. 8 - What is the solar wind, and what roles did it play...Ch. 8 - How did planet formation lead to the existence of...Ch. 8 - What was the heavy bombardment, and when did it...Ch. 8 - What is the leading hypothesis for the Moon’s...Ch. 8 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 8 - How old is the solar system, and how do we know?Ch. 8 - Surprising Discoveries? Suppose we found a solar...Ch. 8 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 8 - Surprising Discoveries? Suppose we found a solar...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 8 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 8 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 8 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 8 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 8 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 8 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 8 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 8 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 8 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 8 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 8 - Explaining the Past. Is it really possible for...Ch. 8 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 8 - An Early Solar Wind. Suppose the solar wind had...Ch. 8 - Angular Momentum. Suppose our solar nebula had...Ch. 8 - Two Kinds of Planets. The jovian planets differ...Ch. 8 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 8 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 8 - Lucky to Be Here? Considering the overall process...Ch. 8 - Radiometric Dating. You are dating rocks by their...Ch. 8 - Lunar Rocks. You are dating Moon rocks based on...Ch. 8 - Carbon-14 Dating. The half-life of carbon-14 is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 8 - Icy Earth. How massive would Earth have to have...Ch. 8 - What Are the Odds? The fact that all the planets...Ch. 8 - Spinning Up the Solar Nebula. The orbital speed of...
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- Present theory suggests that giant planets cannot form without condensation of water ice, which becomes vapor at the high temperatures close to a star. So how can we explain the presence of jovian-sized exoplanets closer to their star than Mercury is to our Sun?arrow_forwardWhere would you look for some “original” planetesimals left over from the formation of our solar system?arrow_forwardHow does the solar nebula theory explain the significant density difference between the Terrestrial and Jovian planets?arrow_forward
- Which step(s) listed in the previous question can be eliminated in models that form Jovian planets in thousands of years, a time frame that solves the Jovian problem? Order the following steps in the formation of a Terrestrial planet chronologically: gravitational collapse, accretion, outgassing, condensation, and differentiation.arrow_forwardExplain the role of impacts in planetary evolution, including both giant impacts and more modest ones.arrow_forwardWe have a lot of good images of the large moons of Jupiter and Saturn from the Galileo and Cassini spacecraft missions (check out NASA’s Planetary Photojournal site, at http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov, to see the variety). Now that the New Horizons mission has gone to Pluto, why don’t we have as many good images of all sides of Pluto and Charon?arrow_forward
- How would the solar system be different if the solar nebula had cooled, with a temperature half its actual value? [select all that apply] options: There would be more comets. Life would have been very unlikely to evolve here. There would be no comets. There would be fewer asteroids. There would be more asteroids. Jovian planets would have formed closer to Sun. Terrestrial planets would be largearrow_forward1) Why is life more likely to be found on the moons of the Gas Giants instead of on the Gas Giants themselves? 2) Describe what we think the interior of jupiter is like. What are the different layers inside jupiter? How do we know this?arrow_forwardGiven what you know about the solar nebula theory, how likely is it that additional solar systems will yield inhabited planets? Visit NASA's Kepler mission and write a half-page description of the project.arrow_forward
- ____ impactsarrow_forwardO e. as a moon QUESTION 3 You observe a large, round object orbiting Uranus. How would you classify this object? O a. as a planet Ob. as a dwarf planet Oc. as an asteroid Od. as a Kuiper belt object e. as a moon QUESTION 4 What is one difference between asteroids and Kuipter Belt Objects (KBOS)? O a. asteroids are composed of rock and ice, while KBOS are composed of just rock b. asteroids orbit the Sun, while KBOS orbit Pluto C. asteroids orbit between Mars and Jupiter, while KBO's orbit near Pluto d. asteroids have very elliptical orbits, while KBOS have very circular orbits e. asteroids are small and potato-shaped, while KBOS are large and round DO000arrow_forwardImagine a trans-Neptunian object with roughly the same mass as Earth but located 50 AU from the sun. a) based on the solar nebula theory, what do you think this object would be made of and why? b) on the basis of speculation, assume a reasonable density for this object and calculate its diameter in units of Earth radii.arrow_forward
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