EBK BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 8220100667978
Author: Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 2CTS
The Innocence Project is a nonprofit legal clinic at the Benjamin Cardozo School of Law in New York City that attempts to help prisoners whose claims of innocence can be verified by DNA testing because biological evidence from their cases still exists. Over 300 inmates have been exonerated since the project started in 1992. Thousands of inmates await the opportunity for testing. Does the fact that the Innocence Project has shown that the criminal justice system sometimes convicts innocent people change your opinion about the death penalty? Why or why not?
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Question: How can DNA evidence be used to convict or exonerate a defendant? Why is DNA evidence so powerful?
Answer:
DNA evidence can be used to perform DNA profiling to determine the genotype of the specific DNA sample. With just a small amount of DNA, PCR can produce billions of copies of that specific segment. The segments that are used are from non-coding regions that contain STR’s or short tandem repeats. These very short DNA sequences are repeated and are specific to individuals because we inherit them from our mother and father. Gel electrophoresis separates the PCR products based on their size and each band is compared to the allele ladder. This process helps to identify the alleles present in the original samples. DNA profiling is performed at many loci to be able to tell the genetic difference between different individuals with a lot of certainty. The DNA from the different suspects is compared to the allele…
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- Suppose you are arrested for a serious crime and a DNA profile is created and entered into databases. Later, you are proven innocent. Should you have the right to have your DNA profile removed from all databases?arrow_forwardAccording to the reading "Ethical Issues in Human Experimentation", what demographic should be the first in line to be part of human experimentation? Men Inmates Scientists Politicians Womenarrow_forwardThough initially a promising technique, DNA profiling has had limited use in determining innocence and guilt of individuals in criminal cases. Group of answer choices True or Falsearrow_forward
- Dr. Lydia Villa-Komaroff... O developed methods to use PCR to analyze crime scenes, and was the third Mexican-American woman in the US to receive a doctorate degree in the sciences. developed methods to generate recombinant insulin and was the third Mexican-American woman in the US to receive a doctorate degree in the sciences. O developed methods to sequence DNA, and was the third Mexican-American woman in the US to receive a doctorate degree in the sciences. O discovered restriction endonucleases, and was the third Mexican-American woman in the US to receive a doctorate degree in the sciences.arrow_forward1. Do you think genetic engineering is a real solution? What about using genetics as a crime control or treatment method? What ethical issues would this raise? 2. What are some of the problems facing women in the corrections workplace? Are these the same kinds of problems found throughout the criminal justice system are they unique? Explain your answer. 3. What is the relationship between incarceration rates in this country and crime rates? Which seems to be driving the other? Does the research show that the relationship is intuitive or counterintuitive?arrow_forwardYou are going to participate in a debate on the issue of genetic engineering. One side must present legal, scientific, and moral issues for the limited use of this science; the other side will support unrestricted use of the technology.arrow_forward
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