The chemical equation for the reaction of per-chloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions is to be stated. Concept introduction: In a balanced chemical equation, all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficients and their physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of a balanced chemical equation is equal. Double replacement reaction is a type of chemical reactions in which the exchange of ions takes place between the reactants. In double replacement reactions, sometimes a solid compound which settles down is formed. Such reactions are known as precipitation reactions.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 8, Problem 28E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical equation for the reaction of per-chloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In a balanced chemical equation, all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficients and their physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of a balanced chemical equation is equal. Double replacement reaction is a type of chemical reactions in which the exchange of ions takes place between the reactants. In double replacement reactions, sometimes a solid compound which settles down is formed. Such reactions are known as precipitation reactions.

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Nitration of Methyl Benzoate: 1. Predict the major product for the reaction below AND provide a mechanism. Include ALL resonance structures for the intermediate. C(CH3)3 NO₂* ? 2. Assuming the stoichiometry is 1:1 for the reaction above, what volume of concentrated nitric acid would be required to mononitrate 0.50 grams of the compound above? What product(s) might you expect if you nitrated phenol instead of methyl benzoate? Explain your reasoning. What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?

Sodium Borohydride Reduction (continued on the next page): 1. Draw the product of each of the reactions below and give the formula mass to the nearest whole number. ? (1) NaBH (2) acid (1) NaBD4 (2) acid ? 2. In mass spectra, alcohols typically break as shown in equation 8 in chapter 11 (refer to your lab manual). The larger group is generally lost and this gives rise to the base peak in the mass spectrum. For the products of each of the reactions in question # 1, draw the ion corresponding to the base peak for that product and give its mass to charge ratio (m/z). 3. Given the reaction below, calculate how many mg of 1-phenyl-1-butanol that can be produced using 31 mg NaBH4 and an excess of butyrophenone. 4. + NaBH4 OH (after workup with dilute HCI) What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 8, Problem 28E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical equation for the reaction of per-chloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In a balanced chemical equation, all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficients and their physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of a balanced chemical equation is equal. Double replacement reaction is a type of chemical reactions in which the exchange of ions takes place between the reactants. In double replacement reactions, sometimes a solid compound which settles down is formed. Such reactions are known as precipitation reactions.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 8, Problem 28E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical equation for the reaction of per-chloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In a balanced chemical equation, all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficients and their physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of a balanced chemical equation is equal. Double replacement reaction is a type of chemical reactions in which the exchange of ions takes place between the reactants. In double replacement reactions, sometimes a solid compound which settles down is formed. Such reactions are known as precipitation reactions.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 8, Problem 28E

Interpretation Introduction