Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134078779
Author: Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. Oster
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 2.5P
(a)
To determine
To complete the table.
(b)
To determine
To graph the average variable cost curve, average total cost, and marginal cost curves.
(c)
To determine
The output and profit produced by the firm in the short run when
(d)
To determine
The output and profit produced by the firm in the short run when price is $60.
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USE THE GRAPH TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: (IF REQUIRED, USE THE DISCREET NUMBER OF BARRELS).
ANSWERS IN WHOLE NUMBER
a. How many barrels of natural-organic oil reflect the lowest minimum average variable cost?b. How much is the price of the natural-organic oil per barrel?c. How much is the fixed cost to produce the natural-organic oil?d. How many barrels of natural-organic oil should the firm produce to maximize its profit?e. At what production level would the marginal cost exceed the average cost?
(1) Use the graph to answer the question below. The quantity is measured in thousands of units.
What will this firm decide to do in the long run?
A-It will stay in the market because the price is above its AVC at its profit-maximizing output.
B-It will leave the market because the price is below its ATC at its profit-maximizing output.
C-It will increase its price to point B to earn normal profit.
D-It will increase its output until its profit-maximizing output level is equal to B.
E-Insufficient data to determine.
(2) A dairy farmer is operating in a perfectly competitive market. The market price for milk is between the farmer's average variable cost and average total cost at the profit-maximizing level of output. What will the farmer do?
A-Produce more milk. B-Produce less milk. C-Shut down in the short run. D-Operate in the short run and leave the industry in the long run. E-Insufficient information to determine
(3) A firm operating in a perfectly competitive market cannot…
The graph below shows the marginal cost (MC), average variable cost (AVC), and average total cost (ATC) curves for a firm in a
competitive market. These curves imply a short-run supply curve that has two distinct parts. One part, not shown, lies along the vertical
axis (quantity-0); this represents a condition of production shutdown. Where is the other part? Use the straight-line tool to drawit.
To refer to the graphing tutorial for this question type, please click here
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
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- Using the Diagram above, answer the following questions: b). Suppose this firm produces 15 units of output. What is the variable cost of producing this level of output? What is the firm’s AVC of production when it produces 15 units of output. Explain your answer fully.arrow_forwardSuppose Larry runs a small business that manufactures shirts. Assume that the market for shirts is a price-taker market, and the market price is $10 per shirt. The following graph shows Larry's total cost curve. Use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot total revenue and the green points (triangle symbol) to plot profit for the first seven shirts that Larry produces, including zero shirts. 125 100 TOTAL COST AND REVENUE (Dollars) 25 ☐ Total Cost ☐ -50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 QUANTITY (Shirts) Total Revenue A Profit (?) Calculate Larry's marginal revenue and marginal cost for the first seven shirts he produces and plot them on the following graph. Use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot marginal revenue and the orange points (square symbol) to plot marginal cost. 25 2 COSTS AND REVENUE (Dollars per shirt) 0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 QUANTITY (Shirts) Marginal Revenue Marginal Cost Larry's profit is maximized when he produces is shirts. When he does this, the marginal cost of the previous shirt he…arrow_forwardThe following graph shows the demand curve, as well as the AVC, ATC and MC curves of a company selling rolled oats in a perfectly competitive market. Use the graph to answer the questions. The goal of the company is to maximize its profit. How many boxes of rolled oats should it sell to attain this goal? What price will it charge? How much profit does this firm make per month? Will this company produce or shut down in the short run? Why? Will this firm exit the market for rolled oats in the long run or not? Why?arrow_forward
- Walt's Turkey Farm produced 400 turkeys last week. The marginal cost was $15 a turkey, average variable cost was $29 a turkey, and the market price was $33 a turkey. Did Walt maximize profit? If Walt did not maximize profit and if nothing has changed, will he increase or decrease the number of turkeys he produces to maximize his profit this week? profit, so if nothing changes he will Walt is the number of turkeys he produces to maximize his profit this week. O A. maximizing; decrease O B. maximizing; increase OC. maximizing; not change O D. not maximizing; increase O E. not maximizing; decreasearrow_forwardA firm sells 1,000 units per week. Suppose the average variable cost is $15, and the average cost is $55. In the short run, the break-even price is:___?_____. . In the long run, the break-even price is . Suppose the firm charges a price of $5 per unit. Use the following table to indicate whether the firm will shut down or continue to produce in the short run and the long run. Time Continue to Produce Shut Down Short Run ? ? Long Run ? ?arrow_forwardA profit-maximizing firm in a competitive market is currently producing 500 units of output. It has average revenue of $10, average total cost of $8, and fixed costs of $200. a. What is its profit? b. What is its marginal cost? c. What is its average variable cost? d. Is the efficient scale of the firm more than, less than, or exactly 100 units?arrow_forward
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- Using the following graph of the cost curves for a firm. Complete the statement below. yice MC AC AVC 15 AFC Qutity Which best describes the firms short run capacity? MC = AFC MC = AVC AVC = ATC AVC = AFC MC = AC Using the following graph of the cost curves for a firm. Complete the statement below. yice MC AC AVC 15 10 AFC Qurtity Which price would best describe the firm is making an economic profit? 15 10 8 5 Using the following graph of the cost curves for a firm. Complete the statement below. yice AC AVC 15 10 5 AFC Qurtity Which price would best describe the break even point for this firm? O 15 12.5 10 16 Using the following graph of the cost curves for a firm. Complete the statement below. yice MC AC AVC 15 10 AFC Quantity Which price would best describe the shut down condition for this firm? 15 12.5 16 10 10 5 5arrow_forward-Briefly discuss average costs, including how they are calculated, how they are typically appear on a graph, and what they relate to profitability. -Briefly explain what is meant by the term "fixed costs" and provide three examples of same. What determines a firm's level of fixed costs? -Briefly explain what is meant by the term "variable costs" and provide three examples of same. -Briefly explain how the total revenue for a profit-seeking firm is determined.arrow_forwardThe graph illustrates the marginal costs of a thermometer producer facing a constant selling price of $1.00 per thermometer. Suppose that to produce the level of output suggested by using marginal thinking analysis the thermometer producer incurs fixed costs of $20 and variable costs of $172. Would the producer maximize profits by producing at this level? a. Yes. Producers should always use "marginal thinking." b. Yes. Because revenues just cover total costs, the firm is breaking even. c. Yes. Because revenues exceed variable costs, the firm should produce at that level. d. No. Because revenues do not cover total costs, the firm should cease production. e. No. Because revenues do not cover variable costs, the firm should cease production. The graph illustrates the marginal costs of a thermometer producer facing a constant selling price of $1.00 per thermometer. 1.00 Marginal Cost Price Cost and Price ($) .50 60 100 120 Quantity of Thermometers Suppose that to produce the level of…arrow_forward
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