Concept explainers
a.
To determine: The average
Risk and Return:
The risk and return are two closely related terms. The risk is the uncertainty attached to an event. In case of any investment, there is some amount of risk attached to it as there can be either gain or loss. While return in the financial term is that percentage which represents the profit in an investment.
Higher risk is associated with higher return and lower risk has a probability of lower return. The investor has to face a tradeoff between risk and return in terms of an investment.
Annual Rate of Return:
The annual rate of return refers to that return which is charged or is earned on an investment for a year. This rate is expressed in percentage.
b.
To prepare: The standard deviation for the given data.
Standard deviation:
The standard deviation refers to the stand-alone risk associated with the securities. It measures how much a data is dispersed with its standard value. The Greek letter sigma represents the standard deviation.
c.
To determine: The coefficient of variation.
The coefficient of variation:
The coefficient of variation is a tool to determine the risk. It determines the risk per unit of return. It is used for measurement when the expected returns are same for two data.
d.
To prepare: A scatter diagram showing the company’s returns and the index returns.
e.
To determine: The beta of the B Industries and R Inc. by running regressions of their returns.
f.
To determine: The required returns of the two companies by security market line equation.
g.
To determine: The beta and the required return for a newly constructed portfolio.
h.
To determine: The new portfolio’s required return.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Fundamentals of Financial Management (MindTap Course List)
- Use the extended DuPont equation to provide a breakdown of Computrons projected return on equity. How does the projection compare with the previous years and with the industrys DuPont equation?arrow_forward(Solving a comprehensive problem) Use the end-of-year stock price data in the popup window,, to answer the following questions for the Harris and Pinwheel companies. a. Compute the annual rates of return for each time period and for both firms. b. Calculate both the arithmetic and the geometric mean rates of return for the entire three-year period using your annual rates of return from part a. (Note: you may assume that neither firm pays any dividends.) c. Compute a three-year rate of return spanning the entire period (i.e., using the ending price for period 1 and ending price for period 4). d. Since the rate of return calculated in part c is a three-year rate of return, convert it to an annual rate of return by using the following equation: 1 + Three-Year Rate of Return 1 + Annual Rate of Return 3 e. How is the annual rate of return calculated in part d related to the geometric rate of return? When you are evaluating the performance of an investment that has been held for several…arrow_forwardhello, I need help pleasearrow_forward
- 1.) Given this return data, the average realized return on Blue Llama Mining Inc.’s stock is _______ . 2.) The preceding data series represents a sample of Blue Llama’s historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of Blue Llama’s historical returns is _______ . 3.) If investors expect the average realized return on Blue Llama Mining Inc.’s stock from 2016 to 2020 to continue into the future, its expected coefficient of variation (CV) is expected to equal _______ .arrow_forwardThe image uploaded is the calculation of Cal Bank's Profitability ratios, shorter liquidity ratios, long-term liquidity ratios, and investment ratios for 2020, 2021, 2022. A base year of 2019 was also added. Evaluate the financial performance by comparing the three (3) years' financial performance that is 2020, 2021, and 2022 I have provided in the table with the base year.arrow_forwardBartman Industries' and Reynolds Inc.'s stock prices and dividends, along with the Winslow 5000 Index, are shown here for the period 2015-2020. The Winslow 5000 data are adjusted to include dividends. Calculate the standard deviations of the returns for Bartman, Reynolds, and the Winslow 5000. (Hint: Use the sample standard deviation formula, STDEV function in Excel). Bartman Industries Reynolds Inc. Winslow 5000 Year Stock Price Dividend Holding period return Stock Price Dividend Holding period return Includes Divs. Holding period return 2020 $17.25 $1.15 $48.75 $3.00 11,663.98 2019 14.75 1.06 52.30 2.90 8,785.70 2018 16.50 1.00 48.75 2.75 8,679.98 2017 10.75 0.95 57.25 2.50 6,434.03 2016 11.37 0.90 60.00 2.25 5,602.28 2015 7.62 55.75 4,705.97arrow_forward
- Please find: Cash Coverage Ratio, Profit Margin, Return on eq Use information from the balance sheet and income statement to calculate the following financial ratios and the market value added (MVA). (Whenever balance sheet numbers are used to calculate financial ratios, please ensure that you use the average of the 2019 and 2020 numbers in your calculation. To calculate MVA, you can assume that the average book value number for common stock and paid-in-surplus is the amount that the shareholders initially invested in the company.)arrow_forwardReturns earned over a given time period are called realized returns. Historical data on realized returns is often used to estimate future results. Analysts across companies use realized stock returns to estimate the risk of a stock. Five years of realized returns for Celestial Crane Cosmetics Inc. (Crane Cosmetics) are given in the following table: 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Stock return 23.75% 16.15% 28.50% 39.90% 12.35% Also note that: 1. While Crane Cosmetics was started 40 years ago, its common stock has been publicly traded for the past 25 years. 2. The returns on Crane Cosmetics's equity are calculated as arithmetic returns. Given this return data, the average realized return on Celestial Crane Cosmetics Inc.’s stock is . The preceding data series represents of Crane Cosmetics’s historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of Crane Cosmetics’s historical returns is . If investors expect the…arrow_forwardMeasuring stand-alone risk using realized (historical) data Returns earned over a given time period are called realized returns. Historical data on realized returns is often used to estimate future results. Analysts across companies use realized stock returns to estimate the risk of a stock. Consider the case of Celestial Crane Cosmetics Inc. (CCC): Five years of realized returns for CCC are given in the following table. Remember: 1. While CCC was started 40 years ago, its common stock has been publicly traded for the past 25 years. 2. The returns on its equity are calculated as arithmetic returns. 3. The historical returns for CCC for 2014 to 2018 are: 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Stock return 25.00% 17.00% 30.00% 42.00% 13.00% Given the preceding data, the average realized return on CCC’s stock is . The preceding data series represents of CCC’s historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of CCC’s…arrow_forward
- Using the data in the table:, a. What was the average annual return of Microsoft stock from 2005-2017? b. What was the annual volatility for Microsoft stock from 2005-2017? a. What was the average annual return of Microsoft stock from 2005-2017? The average annual return is %. (Round to two decimal places.) Data table (Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) Realized Return for the S&P 500, Microsoft, and Treasury Bills, 2005-2017 S&P 500 Realized Return Microsoft Realized Return Dividends Paid* Year End 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 S&P 500 Index 1211.92 1248.29 3.00% 4.80% 1418.30 1468.36 903.25 4.70% 1.50% 0.10% 0.10% 1115.10 1257.64 1257.61 0.00% 1426.19 0.10% 1848.36 0.00% 0.00% 2058.90 2043.94 0.00% 0.20% 2238.83 2673.61 0.80% *Total dividends paid by the 500 stocks in the portfolio, based on the number of shares of each stock in the index, adjusted until the end of the year, assuming they were…arrow_forwardUse the end of year price, dividend data (dividend paid during year), and annual returns provided below for the common stocks of Norvell and Napier to respond to questions 1 through 6. It is okay to use your calculator when generating the answers. Just include the equations that you use, and make sure that you are able to do these calculations on the exam. Norvell Napier Date Close Price Dividend Annual Return (%) Annual 12/31/2018 24.00 Close Price 26.00 Dividend Return (%) 12/31/2019 31.63 0.92 35.63 28.14 0.86 11.54 12/31/2020 26.88 1.12 -11.48 34.47 0.98 25.98 12/31/2021 35.26 1.32 36.09 44.25 1.10 31.56 12/31/2022 32.65 1.52 -3.09 39.07 1.22 -8.95 12/31/2023 36.84 1.72 18.10 40.56 1.34 7.24 Estimated = Norvell - 21.84% Estimated = 16.04% Napier 3. Compute the covariance between the returns of Norvell stock and Napier stock. 4. Now compute the correlation between the Norvell and Napier stocks and indicate how this relates to the covariance in question 2. 5. You must now compute the…arrow_forwardThe company stock ticker symbol is PTC. Discuss the past performance of the stock (such as historical trading range). Illustrate with at least two charts of prices over time: one for long term (>= 1 year) and one for short term (<1 year). Also discuss briefly both the overall long term and short-term performance/price behavior.arrow_forward
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