Gould's Pathophysiology for the Health Professions, 5e
Gould's Pathophysiology for the Health Professions, 5e
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781455754113
Author: Karin C. VanMeter PhD
Publisher: Saunders
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Chapter 8, Problem 1LO
Summary Introduction

To describe: The common skin lesions.

Concept introduction: The skin is the outer protective covering of the body. It is the largest organ of the body. The skin and its accessory components such as hair, nails, and glands make up the integumentary system of the body. A lesion is an area of abnormal growth or appearance found anywhere on or in the body. It may be caused by the systematic disorder and localized factors such as exposure to the toxins.

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The common types of lesions are given as below:

  1. 1. Macule: Macule is a small, flat circumscribed area that is different in the color than the normal color. It is less than 1cm in diameter. For example, freckles, petechiae, measles, flat moles, and scarlet fever.
  2. 2. Nodule: Nodule is an elevated, palpable, firm circumscribed lesion. It is 1 to 2 cm in diameter. For example, lipomas, and erythema nodosum.
  3. 3. Papule: Papule is an elevated small, firm, circumscribed lesion. It is less than 1cm in diameter. For example, wart, elevated moles, fibroma, lichen planus, and insect bite.
  4. 4. Pustule: A pustule is an elevated, erythematosus lesion. It is less than 1cm in diameter. For example, impetigo, and acne.
  5. 5. Vesicle: Vesicle is an elevated, circumscribed, superficial, thin-walled lesion. It is filled with serous fluid. It is less than 1cm in diameter. For example, chickenpox, shingles, and herpes simpler.
  6. 6. Plaque: Plaque is a large, slightly elevated, and rough lesion with the flat top surface. It is greater than 1cm in diameter.
  7. 7. Ulcer: Ulcer is a cavity with a loss of epidermis and dermis. It is concave in shape and varies in size. For example, pressure ulcer, and stasis ulcer.
  8. 8. Fissure: Fissure is a small, deep linear break, or crack from the epidermis to dermis in the skin. It may be moist or dry. For example, athlete’s foot, anal fissure, cracks at the corner, and dermatitis.

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