
(a)
UNION set operator:
The UNION set operator is used to combine the output of two or more than two queries and produce a result. The produced result contains unique values.
Syntax:
QUERY UNION QUERY;
Consider two tables:
Table creation:
CREATE TABLE VENDOR(VEND_CODE INT PRIMARY KEY);
CREATE TABLE PRODUCT(PROD_CODE VARCHAR(5), VEND_CODE INT,FOREIGN KEY (VEND_CODE) REFERENCES VENDOR (VEND_CODE));
Inserting values:
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(123);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(124);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(125);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(126);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('ABC', 125);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('DEF', 124);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('GHI', 124);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('JKL', 123);
(b)
UNION ALL set operator:
The UNION ALL set operator is used to combine the output of two or more than two queries and produce a result. The produced result contains duplicate values.
Syntax:
QUERY UNION ALL QUERY;
Consider two tables:
Table creation:
CREATE TABLE VENDOR(VEND_CODE INT PRIMARY KEY);
CREATE TABLE PRODUCT(PROD_CODE VARCHAR(5), VEND_CODE INT,FOREIGN KEY (VEND_CODE) REFERENCES VENDOR (VEND_CODE));
Inserting values:
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(123);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(124);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(125);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(126);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('ABC', 125);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('DEF', 124);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('GHI', 124);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('JKL', 123);
(c)
INTERSECT set operator:
The INTERSECT set operator is used to combine the output of two or more than two queries and produce a result. The produced result contains the values (rows) that are common in both the tables.
Syntax:
QUERY INTERSECT QUERY;
Consider two tables:
Table creation:
CREATE TABLE VENDOR(VEND_CODE INT PRIMARY KEY);
CREATE TABLE PRODUCT(PROD_CODE VARCHAR(5), VEND_CODE INT,FOREIGN KEY (VEND_CODE) REFERENCES VENDOR (VEND_CODE));
Inserting values:
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(123);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(124);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(125);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(126);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('ABC', 125);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('DEF', 124);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('GHI', 124);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('JKL', 123);
(d)
EXCEPT/ MINUS set operator:
The MINUS set operator is used to combine the output of two or more than two queries and produce a result. The produced result contains the values (rows) that appear in the first table but not in the second table. The word “EXCEPT” can also be used in the place of “MINUS”.
Syntax:
QUERY EXCEPT QUERY;
Consider two tables:
Table creation:
CREATE TABLE VENDOR(VEND_CODE INT PRIMARY KEY);
CREATE TABLE PRODUCT(PROD_CODE VARCHAR(5), VEND_CODE INT,FOREIGN KEY (VEND_CODE) REFERENCES VENDOR (VEND_CODE));
Inserting values:
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(123);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(124);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(125);
INSERT INTO VENDOR VALUES(126);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('ABC', 125);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('DEF', 124);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('GHI', 124);
INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES('JKL', 123);

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Chapter 8 Solutions
EBK DATABASE SYSTEMS: DESIGN, IMPLEMENT
- Good morning, please solve this trying to follow this criteria. (use Keil) Abstract describing the requirements and goals of the assignment. List file with no errors or warnings. Brief description of your implementation design and code. Debugging screen shots for different scenarios with your reference and comments. Conclusion (and please give me the code without errors, make sure it is working)arrow_forwardGood mrng, please solve this trying to follow this criteria. (use Keil) Abstract describing the requirements and goals of the assignment. List file with no errors or warnings. Brief description of your implementation design and code. Debugging screen shots for different scenarios with your reference and comments. Conclusion (and please give me the code without errors, make sure it is working)arrow_forward#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> int global_var = 42; // int* function(int *a) { int local_var = 10; // *a = *a + local_var; int *local_pointer = (int *)malloc (size of (int) * 64); // Allocated array with 64 integers return local_pinter; } int main() { int local_main[1024*1024*1024*1024*1024] = {0}; // initialize an array and set all items as 0 int *heap_var = (int *)malloc(size of(int) * 16); // Allocated array with 16 integers *heap_var = 100; function(heap_var); printf(“the value is %d\n”, *heap_var); free(heap_var); // release the memory return 0; } 1) draw the memory layout of the created process, which should include text, data, heap and stack [2 marks]. 2) Indicate which section the variables are allocated [2 marks]: global_var local_var, local_pointer local_main heap_var, *heap_var (the data that it points to) 3) Does this code have memory leaking (heap memory is not released)? [2 marks] 4) The…arrow_forward
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