A sample of 426 U.S. adults age 50 and older were asked how important a variety of issueswere in choosing whom to vote for in the 2012 presidential election (aarP Bulletin,March 2012).a. What is the sampled population for this study?b. Social Security and Medicare was cited as “very important” by 350 respondents.Estimate the proportion of the population of U.S. adults age 50 and over who believethis issue is very important.c. Education was cited as “very important” by 74% of the respondents. Estimate thenumber of respondents who believe this issue is very important.d. Job Growth was cited as “very important” by 354 respondents. Estimate the proportionof U.S. adults age 50 and over who believe job growth is very important.e. What is the target population for the inferences being made in parts (b) and (d)? Is itthe same as the sampled population you identified in part (a)? Suppose you later learnthat the sample was restricted to members of the American Association of RetiredPeople (AARP). Would you still feel the inferences being made in parts (b) and (d)are valid? Why or why not?
Addition Rule of Probability
It simply refers to the likelihood of an event taking place whenever the occurrence of an event is uncertain. The probability of a single event can be calculated by dividing the number of successful trials of that event by the total number of trials.
Expected Value
When a large number of trials are performed for any random variable ‘X’, the predicted result is most likely the mean of all the outcomes for the random variable and it is known as expected value also known as expectation. The expected value, also known as the expectation, is denoted by: E(X).
Probability Distributions
Understanding probability is necessary to know the probability distributions. In statistics, probability is how the uncertainty of an event is measured. This event can be anything. The most common examples include tossing a coin, rolling a die, or choosing a card. Each of these events has multiple possibilities. Every such possibility is measured with the help of probability. To be more precise, the probability is used for calculating the occurrence of events that may or may not happen. Probability does not give sure results. Unless the probability of any event is 1, the different outcomes may or may not happen in real life, regardless of how less or how more their probability is.
Basic Probability
The simple definition of probability it is a chance of the occurrence of an event. It is defined in numerical form and the probability value is between 0 to 1. The probability value 0 indicates that there is no chance of that event occurring and the probability value 1 indicates that the event will occur. Sum of the probability value must be 1. The probability value is never a negative number. If it happens, then recheck the calculation.
A sample of 426 U.S. adults age 50 and older were asked how important a variety of issues
were in choosing whom to vote for in the 2012 presidential election (aarP Bulletin,
March 2012).
a. What is the sampled population for this study?
b. Social Security and Medicare was cited as “very important” by 350 respondents.
Estimate the proportion of the population of U.S. adults age 50 and over who believe
this issue is very important.
c. Education was cited as “very important” by 74% of the respondents. Estimate the
number of respondents who believe this issue is very important.
d. Job Growth was cited as “very important” by 354 respondents. Estimate the proportion
of U.S. adults age 50 and over who believe job growth is very important.
e. What is the target population for the inferences being made in parts (b) and (d)? Is it
the same as the sampled population you identified in part (a)? Suppose you later learn
that the sample was restricted to members of the American Association of Retired
People (AARP). Would you still feel the inferences being made in parts (b) and (d)
are valid? Why or why not?
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