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DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane over time in an actively respiring cell. At the time indicated by the vertical arrow, a
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- Figure 7.11 Dinitrophenol (DNP) is an "uncoupler" that makes the inner mitochondrial membrane "leaky" to protons. It was used until 1938 as a weight-loss drug. What effect would you expect DNP to have on the change in pH across the inner mitochondrial membrane? Why do you think this might be an effective weight-loss drug?arrow_forwardFigure 4.15 Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, a component of the electron transport chain. If cyanide poisoning occurs, would you expect the pH of the intermembrane space to increase or decrease? What affect would cyanide have on ATP synthesis?arrow_forwardDraw and label a lipid bilayer containing the large mitochondrial trans-membrane protein complexes representing complex I, II, II, and IV, and ATP Synthase. Make two more of these drawings. Label the first one mitochondrial electron source and using a different ink color, indicate the source(s) of electrons. Label the second mitochondrial energy source, and indicate the source of energy driving the electron transport chain. In the third, label the mitochondrial electron acceptor in its proper position. In this third drawing, also include ATP synthase (in its correct orientation-the spherical part is on the opposite side of the membrane as the H+ reservoir). Label your diagrams with the correct names for the membranes, ATP synthase, and to show where the protons (H*) are pumped to drive ATP synthesis.arrow_forward
- Draw and label a lipid bilayer containing the large mitochondrial trans-membrane protein complexes representing complex I, II, III, and IV, and ATP Synthase. Make two more of these drawings. Label the first one mitochondrial electron source and using a different ink color, indicate the source(s) of electrons. Label the second mitochondrial energy source, and indicate the source of energy driving the electron transport chain. In the third, label the mitochondrial electron acceptor in its proper position. In this third drawing, also include ATP synthase (in its correct orientation-the spherical part is on the opposite side of the membrane as the H+ reservoir). Label your diagrams with the correct names for the membranes, ATP synthase, and to show where the protons (H+) are pumped to drive ATP synthesis.arrow_forwardCan you please explain the relationship of ATP concentration and NADH concentration in this graph (cellular respiration)? At different treatments of ATP (E.g. At 25 ATP, 50 ATP, 100 ATP), why did the NADH concentration change?arrow_forwardFigure 7.11 Dinitrophenol (DNP) is an "uncoupler" that makes the inner mitochondrial membrane "leaky" to protons. It was used until 1938 as a weight- loss drug. What effect would you expect DNP to have on the change in pH across the inner mitochondrial membrane? Why do you think this might be an effective weight-loss drug? Intermembrane space Mitochondrial matrix ATP Synthase ADP Inner mitochondrial membrane ATP Figure 7.11 ATP synthase is a complex, molecular machine that uses a proton (H) gradient to form ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi). (Credit: modification of work by Klaus Hoffmeier)arrow_forward
- Can you explain why when the pH level was changed from 0 to 5, the ATP production was affected despite the supply of glucose being constant at just 1 mol for both treatments (At 0 pH and 5 pH). What is the reason on why this could have happened?arrow_forwardReferring to the figure below, explain why NADH yields more ATP than FADH2 does. Electron-transport and proton pump Oxidative phosphorylation Outer mitochondrial membrane H* -Intermembrane H+ H+ H+ space H* H+ H+ Cytochrome c H+ COQH, CoQ UU COQH2 CoQ JU U Inner mitochondrial membrane Ht e ATPase Complex II Complex II Complex IV Complex e ADP +P - Mitochondrial matrix NADH NAD+ FADH2 FAD АТР H+ -H+ H+ H20arrow_forwardWhat is the major route for protons moving from the inter membrane space back into the mitochondrial matrix during oxidative phosphorylation? 1. Protons carried across the membrane by a molecule of dinitrophenol 2. Protons are transported along with ADP by the ATP/ADP translocase.3. Protons enter the half channel in subunit a facing the inter membrane space and exit via the half channel facing the mitochondrial matrix. Choose 1 correct answer explain? Give typing answer with explanation and conclusionarrow_forward
- Look at the diagram of the mitochondrial electron transport chain below and answer the questions that follow Ubiquinone Membrane Z Complex I Complex III Y Complex I| Succinate Fumarate H,0 NAD NADH There are 2 names for the component in the orange circle labelled Y, they are: and The name of the component X in the red circle is The membrane labelled Z is the membrane Which component accepts electrons from complex 1?arrow_forwardReferring to the figure below, explain why NADH yields more ATP than FADH2 does.arrow_forwardThe rate of oxygen consumption by mitochondria increases markedly when ADP is added and then returns to its initial value when the added ADP has been converted into ATP (Figure 18.39). Why does the rate decrease?arrow_forward
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