Chapter 7, Problem 78PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The major product and mechanism for the reaction of 2-bromo-2-methylhexane with sodium ethoxide in ethanol are to be interpreted.

Concept introduction:

Haloalkane tends to undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions via two different reaction mechanisms: ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$ and ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ mechanism. On the basis of the presence and strength of nucleophiles, halo-alkanes show competition between substitution and elimination. It depends on the concentration of reactant and the strength of the nucleophile.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The rate equation for the reaction of 2-bromo-2-methylhexane with sodium ethoxide in ethanol is to be interpreted.

Concept introduction:

Haloalkane tends to undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions via two different reaction mechanisms: ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$ and ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ mechanism. Based on the presence and strength of nucleophiles, halo-alkanes show competition between substitution and elimination. It depends on the concentration of reactant and the strength of the nucleophile.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The effect of the doubled concentration of base is to be interpreted for the reaction of 2-bromo-2-methylhexane with sodium ethoxide in ethanol.

Concept introduction:

Haloalkane tends to undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions via two different reaction mechanisms: ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$ and ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ mechanism. Based on the presence and strength of nucleophiles, halo-alkanes show competition between substitution and elimination. It depends on the concentration of reactant and the strength of the nucleophile. The rate of a chemical reaction can be written in terms of rate law.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The energy diagram for the reaction of 2-bromo-2-methylhexane with sodium ethoxide in ethanol.

Concept introduction:

Haloalkane tends to undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions via two different reaction mechanisms: ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$ and ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ mechanism. Based on the presence and strength of nucleophiles, halo-alkanes show competition between substitution and elimination. It depends on the concentration of reactant and the strength of the nucleophile.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The transition state for the reaction of 2-bromo-2-methylhexane with sodium ethoxide in ethanol.

Concept introduction:

Haloalkane tends to undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions via two different reaction mechanisms: ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$ and ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ mechanism. On the basis of the presence and strength of nucleophiles, halo-alkanes show competition between substitution and elimination. It depends on the concentration of reactant and the strength of the nucleophile.