Organic Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305580350
Author: William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 7.34P
Using your reaction roadmap as a guide, show how to convert the starting trans-
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draw the two possible carbocations that can form when this alkene reacts with a strong acid (such as HBr or H3O+). of the two structures you drew, circle the more stable carbocation
H3C
CH3
H3C
NA C→XT
Br
Br₂
CH₂Cl₂
H3C
Electrophilic addition of bromine, Br₂, to alkenes yields a 1,2-dibromoalkane. The reaction proceeds through a cyclic
intermediate known as a bromonium ion. The reaction occurs in an anhydrous solvent such as CH₂Cl₂.
CH3
Br
In the second step of the reaction, bromide is the nucleophile and attacks at one of the carbons of the bromonium ion
to yield the product. Due to steric clashes, the bromide ion always attacks the carbon from the opposite face of the
bromonium ion so that a product with anti stereochemistry is formed.
Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism.
Arrow-pushing Instructions
Br
CH3
H3C
CH3
2-chloropropane is a major product of the reaction of chlorine with propane under ultraviolet light. Write the mechanism for this reaction including the initiation step and the two propagation steps.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 7.2 - Write the IUPAC name of each compound.Ch. 7.2 - Write the common name of each alkyne.Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 7.3PCh. 7.7 - Draw a structural formula for a hydrocarbon with...Ch. 7.7 - Hydration of 2-pentyne gives a mixture of two...Ch. 7.9 - Prob. 7.6PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.7PCh. 7 - Show how to prepare each alkyne from the given...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.9PCh. 7 - Complete each acid-base reaction and predict...
Ch. 7 - Draw structural formulas for the major product(s)...Ch. 7 - Draw the structural formula of the enol formed in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.13PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.14PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.15PCh. 7 - Show reagents and experimental conditions you...Ch. 7 - Show reagents and experimental conditions you...Ch. 7 - Show how to convert 1-butyne to each of these...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.19PCh. 7 - Show reagents and experimental conditions to bring...Ch. 7 - Show reagents to bring about each conversion.Ch. 7 - Propose a synthesis for (Z)-9-tricosene...Ch. 7 - Propose a synthesis of each compound starting from...Ch. 7 - Show how to prepare each compound from 1-heptene....Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.25PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.26PCh. 7 - Following is the structural formula of the...Ch. 7 - The standard procedure for synthesizing a compound...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.29PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.30PCh. 7 - Using your reaction roadmap as a guide, show how...Ch. 7 - Using your reaction roadmap as a guide, show how...Ch. 7 - Using your reaction roadmap as a guide, show how...Ch. 7 - Using your reaction roadmap as a guide, show how...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.35P
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- The pictured reaction shows an alkyl bromide being converted into an alkene. Choose all reagents that would produce the pictured alkene as the major product. A) NaOH/H2O B) H2O C) tBuOK/tBuOH D) EtONa/EtOHarrow_forwardWhat about the second step in the electrophilic addition of HCl to an alkene-the reaction of chloride ion with the carbocation intermediate? Is this step exergonic or endergonic? Does the transition state for this second step resemble the reactant (carbocation) or the product (alkyl chloride)? Make a rough diagram of what the transition state may look like?arrow_forwardCH3 CH3 Br- Br2 .CH3 CH2Cl2 CH3 H3C H3C Br Electrophilic addition of bromine, Brɔ, to alkenes yields a 1,2-dibromoalkane. The reaction proceeds through a cyclic intermediate known as a bromonium ion. The reaction occurs in an anhydrous solvent such as CH,Cl,. In the second step of the reaction, bromide is the nucleophile and attacks at one of the carbons of the bromonium ion to yield the product. Due to steric clashes, the bromide ion always attacks the carbon from the opposite face of the bromonium ion so that a product with anti stereochemistry is formed. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H3C H3C :Br: :Br:arrow_forward
- Draw structures for the alkene (or alkenes) that gives the following reaction product.arrow_forward10) Synthesis: Make the following products from a suitable cyclic alkene starting material. Look at the functional group PATTERN present in the molecule, including stereochemistry. ♡ Br Brarrow_forwardWhat is the slow, rate-determining step, in the acid-catalyzed dehydration of 2- butanol? Loss of a b-hydrogen from the carbocation to form an alkene. Protonation of the alcohol to form an oxonium ion. Loss of water from the oxonium ion to form a carbocation. The simultaneous loss of a B-hydrogen and water from the oxonium ion.arrow_forward
- organic chemistryarrow_forwardReactions: 20) cis-4-bromo, 3-methyl, 2-pentene undergoes chlorination. Name final product. 21) 3-fluoro-1-cyclohexene undergoes hydrogenation. Name final product. 22) 2,3-dimehtyl-3-hexene undergoes hydration. Draw both products. How many hydrogens in the product? 23) trans-1,2-difluoro-ethene undergoes fluorination. Name final product. 24) 1,4-nonadiene undergoes excessive hydrogenation. How many hydrogens in final product? 25) 1-pentyne undergoes one round of chlorination. Draw product. Now this product undergoes a second round of chlorination. Name final product.arrow_forwardDraw an alkene and show its E and Z isomersarrow_forward
- Draw a structural formula for the major product of the reaction shown.arrow_forwardThe alkylborane formed in Part 1 is further treated with H₂O, and HO. Draw the two stereoisomers of the final product of the reaction. Include stereochemistry where relevant. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 0 X G + to Varrow_forwardButene (CH2CHCH2CH3) reacts with hydrogen chloride (HCl) at room temperature. Draw the displayed formulae of the products formed in this reaction. State the name of the above reaction mechanism. Alkene Propene reacts with hydrogen bromide (HBr) at room temperature to produce, 1-bromopropane and 2-bromopropane. H2C=CHCH3 + HBr → CH2(Br)CH2CH3 + CH3CH(Br)CH3 Draw out the reaction mechanism of the reaction between propene and hydrogen bromide to produce 2-bromopropane. Use curly arrows to show the movement of electrons. The description should be detailed and must include the type of bond fission that takes place. You may sketch and insert suitable diagrams to aid your description if you wish. Referring to the above mechanism, explain why two products…arrow_forward
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