Concept explainers
Definitions of the following terms:
a. Application partitioning
b. Application
c. Client/server system
d. Middleware
e. Three-tier architecture
f. locking
g. versioning
h. deadlock
Explanation of Solution
Application partitioning
The method of assigning components of application software, after it is written, to client or server partitions in order to gain increased performance and interoperability is termed as application partitioning. Here, interoperability refers to ability to function on different platforms.
Application programming interface (API)
An API is a set of routines, protocols and tools that are used by an application program to interact with other software applications. APIs are used for software development and in context to
Client/server system
It is a networked computing model in which processes are distributed between clients and servers, which provide the needed services. Generally heavy processing applications are stored on the server and light application reside on a client. Client continuously interacts with the server to perform certain tasks. In context of a database system, the database along with the DBMS generally resides on a server and server is responsible for processing the DBMS. End user application system resides on the client which requests services from the client.
Middleware
Middlewares are softwares which act as a bridge between application and
Three-tier architecture
It is a three-layer client/server configuration where one client layer and two server layers are present. This architecture contains one additional server layer as compared to two-tier client/server architecture.
Locking
It is a
Versioning
It is an approach for concurrency control during which each transaction under execution is limited to a portion of the database during its execution period, and when a transaction tries to modify a record, new record version for it is created instead of overwriting the old record.
Deadlock
It is a situation in which no progress can be made during transaction processing. It occurs when two or more transactions have acquired some common limited resources.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Modern Database Management
- Suppose that the two Rank methods below are added to the Skip List class on Blackboard. public int Rank(T item) Returns the rank of the given item. public T Rank(int i) Returns the item with the given rank i. Requirements 1. Describe in a separate Design Document what additional data is needed and how that data is used to support an expected time complexity of O(log n) for each of the Rank methods. Show as well that the methods Insert and Remove can efficiently maintain this data as items are inserted and removed. (7 marks) 2. Re-implement the methods Insert and Remove of the Skip List class to maintain the augmented data in expected O(log n) time. Using the Contains method, ensure that added items are distinct. (6 marks) 3. Implement the two Rank methods. (8 marks) 4. Test your new methods thoroughly. Include your test cases and results in a Test Document. (4 marks)arrow_forwardWhy do we need official standards for copper cable and fiber-optic cable? What happens without the standard?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between physical connection (Physical topology) and logical connection (Logical topology)? Why are both necessary?arrow_forward
- There are two network models and name them while providing a couple of advantages and disadvantages for each network model.arrow_forwardhttps://docs.google.com/document/d/1lk0DgaWfVezagyjAEskyPoe9Ciw3J2XUH_HQfnWSmwU/edit?usp=sharing use the link to answer the question below b) As part of your listed data elements, define the following metadata for each: Data/FieldType, Field Size, and any possible constraint/s or needed c) Identify and describe the relationship/s among the tables. Please provide an example toillustrate Referential Integrity and explain why it is essential for data credibility. I have inserted the data elements below for referencearrow_forwardWhy do we use NAT and PAT technologies? What happens without them? What is the major difference between NAT and PAT (Port Address Translation)? please answer it in the simplest way as possiblearrow_forward
- What is the difference between physical connection (Physical topology) and logical connection (Logical topology)? Why are both necessary? Why do we need the Seven-Layer OSI model? What will happen If we don’t have it? Why do we need official standards for copper cable and fiber-optic cable? What happens without the standard? please answer in the simplest way as possiblearrow_forwardSuppose that the MinGap method below is added to the Treap class on Blackboard. public int MinGap( ) Returns the absolute difference between the two closest numbers in the treap. For example, if the numbers are {2, 5, 7, 11, 12, 15, 20} then MinGap would returns 1, the absolute difference between 11 and 12. Requirements 1. Describe in a separate Design Document what additional data is needed and how that data is used to support an time complexity of O(1) for the MinGap method. Show as well that the methods Add and Remove can efficiently maintain this data as items are added and removed. (6 marks) 2. Re-implement the methods Add and Remove of the Treap class to maintain the augmented data in expected O(log n) time. (6 marks) 3. Implement the MinGap method. (4 marks) 4. Test your new method thoroughly. Include your test cases and results in a Test Document. (4 marks)arrow_forwardSuppose that the two Rank methods below are added to the Skip List class on Blackboard. public int Rank(T item) Returns the rank of the given item. public T Rank(int i) Returns the item with the given rank i. Requirements 1. Describe in a separate Design Document what additional data is needed and how that data is used to support an expected time complexity of O(log n) for each of the Rank methods. Show as well that the methods Insert and Remove can efficiently maintain this data as items are inserted and removed. (7 marks) 2. Re-implement the methods Insert and Remove of the Skip List class to maintain the augmented data in expected O(log n) time. Using the Contains method, ensure that added items are distinct. (6 marks) 3. Implement the two Rank methods. (8 marks) 4. Test your new methods thoroughly. Include your test cases and results in a Test Document. (4 marks)arrow_forward
- https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lk0DgaWfVezagyjAEskyPoe9Ciw3J2XUH_HQfnWSmwU/edit?usp=sharing use the link to answer the question below b) As part of your listed data elements, define the following metadata for each: Data/FieldType, Field Size, and any possible constraint/s or needed c) Identify and describe the relationship/s among the tables. Please provide an example toillustrate Referential Integrity and explain why it is essential for data credibility. I have inserted the data elements below for referencearrow_forwardHighlight the main differences between Computer Assisted Coding and Alone Coding with their similaritiesarrow_forwardSuppose that the MinGap method below is added to the Treap class on Blackboard. public int MinGap ( ) Returns the absolute difference between the two closest numbers in the treap. For example, if the numbers are {2, 5, 7, 11, 12, 15, 20} then MinGap would returns 1, the absolute difference between 11 and 12. Requirements 1. Describe in a separate Design Document what additional data is needed and how that data is used to support an time complexity of O(1) for the MinGap method. Show as well that the methods Add and Remove can efficiently maintain this data as items are added and removed. (6 marks) 2. Re-implement the methods Add and Remove of the Treap class to maintain the augmented data in expected O(log n) time. (6 marks) 3. Implement the MinGap method. (4 marks) 4. Test your new method thoroughly. Include your test cases and results in a Test Document. (4 marks)arrow_forward
Systems ArchitectureComputer ScienceISBN:9781305080195Author:Stephen D. BurdPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Information Systems (MindTap Course...Computer ScienceISBN:9781285867168Author:Ralph Stair, George ReynoldsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Management Of Information SecurityComputer ScienceISBN:9781337405713Author:WHITMAN, Michael.Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Enhanced Discovering Computers 2017 (Shelly Cashm...Computer ScienceISBN:9781305657458Author:Misty E. Vermaat, Susan L. Sebok, Steven M. Freund, Mark Frydenberg, Jennifer T. CampbellPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Information Systems (MindTap Course...Computer ScienceISBN:9781305971776Author:Ralph Stair, George ReynoldsPublisher:Cengage Learning