Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 4R
Summary Introduction
To review:
Effects of gamma radiation and UV radiation on microorganisms.
Introduction:
Antimicrobial is an agent that kills and stops the growth of microorganisms. Gamma radiation is an ionizing radiation with shorter wave length having the ability to penetrate deeply. UV radiation is a non-ionizing radiation with longer wave length having minimum ability to penetrate.
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Can you help me with a brief overview of the advantages and disadvantages of using "radiation" in a healthcare setting as a physical method to control microbial growth. (I would apreciate a short explanation).
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Which of the following is not a property of an antimicrobialagent?(a) Must have a favorable chemotherapeutic index(b) Must be selectively toxic(c) Must be effective against viral diseases(d) Must have a known concentration over a period oftime required to eliminate a pathogen(e) b and c
Could an organism that is susceptible to an antimicrobial agent in laboratory testing fail to respond to it when that drug is used to treat the patient? Explain.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 7 - The thermal death time for a suspension of...Ch. 7 - If pasteurization does not achieve sterilization,...Ch. 7 - Thermal death point is not considered an accurate...Ch. 7 - Prob. 4RCh. 7 - DRAW IT A bacterial culture was in log phase in...Ch. 7 - How do autoclaving, hot air, and pasteurization...Ch. 7 - How do salts and sugars preserve foods? Why are...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8RCh. 7 - A large hospital washes burn patients in a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 10R
Ch. 7 - Which of the following does not kill endospores?...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is most effective for...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 7 - Which of the following cannot be used to sterilize...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 7 - The data were obtained from a use-dilution test...Ch. 7 - The data were obtained from a use-dilution test...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 7 - A classmate is trying to determine how a...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is most likely to be...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1ACh. 7 - For each of the following bacteria, explain why it...Ch. 7 - A use-dilution test was used to evaluate two...Ch. 7 - To determine the lethal action of microwave...Ch. 7 - Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia were...Ch. 7 - Between March 9 and April 12five chronic...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3CAE
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- Savlon Extra” disinfectant is known to exhibit good antimicrobial activity against Shigella dysenteriae. At 20oC a concentration of 5% v/v kills 2.0 x106 Sh. dysenteriae cells in 15 minutes. At 25oC the organisms were killed in 5 minutes. a) Calculate the temperature coefficient of Savlon Extra b). How long will it take the same concentration to kill the same number of Sh. dysenteriae cells at 30oC?arrow_forwardThe benefits of properly using radioactivity include al Treating cancer in human beings. Ob) Irradiating food to kill harmful bacteria. c) All of these Od) Measuring the proper amounts of fertilizer on farms.arrow_forwardWhich statement among A-D is false regarding physical and chemical agents of control? A) O Effective killing of bacteria via irradiation with UV light would likely take longer than if irradiated with gamma rays or x-rays. B) O Detergent-type disinfectants exert their effect by solubilizing membranes. C) O Antiseptics are generally not as strongly concentrated as disinfectants D) O Sterilization and pasteurization are equivalent processes.arrow_forward
- Answer in step by step with explanation. Don't use Ai and chatgpt. Answer in all options.arrow_forwardWhy might Gamma irradiation be considered better than using UV radiation?arrow_forwardThe type of antimicrobial drug that would be most likely to have toxic effects in humans based on the premise of selective toxicity when treating microbial infection would be a drug that O 1) inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall O 2) inhibits metabolic pathways O 3) disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane 4) inhibits protein synthesis 5) All of the above have equal potential to be toxicarrow_forward
- Question 12 Which of the following statements regarding foodborne botulism is correct? Question 12 options: a) An effective vaccine is available for the prevention of botulism b) Botulism is not life-threatening, even when the infection is left untreated c) Large amounts of bacteria must be consumed to cause botulism d) Botulism is an example of an intoxicationarrow_forwardAntibiotics are very important in modern medical treatment: a) How is Giardia, a eukaryotic pathogenic parasite, affected by penicillin? Explain your answer. b) Is it beneficial to use sulfonamide and trimethoprim at the same time to treat an infection? Motivate your answer.arrow_forward(1) How did u measure the zone of inhibition (2) Which unit of measurement was used (3) For two organisms,choose two antimicrobial and explain whether the organism was susceptible, intermediate or resistant. Please make the answer as short as possible .Thanksarrow_forward
- 1.) During a laboratory activity, Chemical reactions from mixture of chemicals should be observed under which laboratory equipment? a.) autoclave b.) fume hood c.) Labaratory Safety cabinet d.) Centrifuge 2.) Which type of equipment contains a HEPA filter that only removes suspended materials from exhausted air? a.) Fume hood b.) Biosafety Cabinet I c.) Biosafety Cabinet II d.) Biosafety Cabinet IIIarrow_forwardMany people use antimicrobial soap to kill bacteria on their hands. However, overuse may increase the risk of infection. How could this occur?arrow_forward(c) Public health scientists wanted to investigate the effect of ionising radiation on the growth of Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of antibiotics. They grew bacterial colonies of Salmonella typhimurium in petri dishes labelled A, B and C. The Petri dishes were kept at 36°C for 48 hours, with scientists observing the bacteria every 24 hours. The results for this investigation are below. Petri dish A B с Treatment Was subjected to ionising radiation followed immediately by a dose of antibiotic X An equal amount of antibiotic X was added (as was added to Petri dish A) Was given neither ionising radiation nor antibiotic X After 24 hours Small spots of growth on surface No growth Growth across whole surface After 48 hours (ii) Identify the purpose of petri dish C. Large spots of growth on surface No growth Growth across whole surface (i) Explain the effect of the ionising radiation on the bacteria. (iii) Explain why scientists must continue to develop new antibiotics.arrow_forward
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