Chapter 7, Problem 1TYC

To determine

The patterns in global food security from 1970 to present and the techniques people have used to increase agricultural production.

Answer to Problem 1TYC

It is very important to ensure food security in the world. Various patterns are developed from 1970 in a progressive way to maintain food security. The various kinds of techniques that have used to increase agricultural production are the use of irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides, frequent plantation and harvesting, more cultivation, more input in terms of fuel, and production of more crop varieties.

Explanation of Solution

The idea of global food security arose from the challenges that scientists and policy makers who face the demands of human food with maintaining nutritional quality and also by conserving environmental services.

Food security includes both the economic and physical access to food by people who meet their food preferences and dietary needs as well. It also incorporates a measure of recovery to future unavailability of food supply due to any risk factors. It ensures food access, food availability, and food stability.

There is an exponential growth in the global food security from $1970$ to present. The pattern of food security has grown so as to supply food to every person by maintaining its nutritional quality to ensure food availability in critical conditions.

Nutritional food and balance diet are the key to maintain health of a person. Deficiency or lack of any of the nutrients in the diet of a person can cause deficiency diseases. Two nutritional deficiencies that are commonly seen in modern world are as follows:

• Kwashiorkor: It is a form of malnutrition or deficiency disease caused by the deficiency of proteins or amino acids in the diet.
• Marasmus: Marasmus is also a form of malnutrition or deficiency disease caused by the deficiency of calories or energy in the diet.

Agricultural industrialization has increased the production of fiber and foods extraordinarily by intensifying the inputs of resources and energy by managing the production efficiently at a large scale. The humans have used many techniques to increase the agricultural production which are as follows:

• Devoting more fuel energy to agriculture.
• By increasing the use of irrigation.
• Use of fertilizers.
• Use of pesticides.
• More frequent planting and harvesting.
• Cultivation on more lands.
• By developing more livestock and productive crop varieties.