WHAT IS LIFE ACHIEVE ACCESS ONLY >I<
WHAT IS LIFE ACHIEVE ACCESS ONLY >I<
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781319487317
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: INTER MAC
bartleby

Concept explainers

bartleby

Videos

Question
Book Icon
Chapter 7, Problem 1SA
Summary Introduction

To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria regularly incorporate bits of viral DNA into their own circular DNA. This way, when a viral particle infects them and injects its DNA, the bacteria produce RNA strands that are complementary to the viral DNA, which will bind to the viral DNA. The bacteria then use the enzyme Cas9 to cut the DNA bound by the RNA strands into fragments.

Taking inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria -

  1. The CRISPR technology makes use of a synthetic RNA guide molecule which can bind to the target DNA in a cell.
  2. The Cas9 enzyme (guided by the RNA molecule) is used to cut the DNA that has been bound by the RNA.
  3. A new gene can be inserted into this position to alter the cell in as needed.
  4. A plasmid carrying the DNA for the synthesis of the RNA guide and the Cas9 enzyme can be inserted into target cell for the whole process to occur.

This technology results in more precise editing of the gene.

Conclusion

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, which refers to a type of DNA organization in viruses. This technique takes inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria, where the bacterial cell uses an RNA molecule to guide enzymes to cut invading DNA molecules.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
Outline a method for using apomixis to maintain feminized CannabisAssume apomixis is controlled by a single dominant gene. You can choose the type of apomixis: obligate or facultative, gametophytic or sporophytic. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of your proposed method.
Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption 1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.  Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable) (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data  (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data  c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data  (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip  (e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip  (f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L.  Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values:  t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%.  Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug: (a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate) (b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).  (c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).  (d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L.  (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L.  Hint:  based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)  (e)…
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Biology
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Basic Clinical Laboratory Techniques 6E
Biology
ISBN:9781133893943
Author:ESTRIDGE
Publisher:Cengage
Text book image
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College
Text book image
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Case Studies In Health Information Management
Biology
ISBN:9781337676908
Author:SCHNERING
Publisher:Cengage
Text book image
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Molecular Techniques: Basic Concepts; Author: Dr. A's Clinical Lab Videos;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7HFHZy8h6z0;License: Standard Youtube License