Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. Introduction : The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

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1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine: (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip MAKE SURE ANSWERS HAVE UNITS if appropriate. SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution.

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The current nutrition labelling regulation in Hong Kong requires food manufacturer to list E+7 information on the package of pre-packaged food products. Do you think that more nutrients, such as calcium and cholesterol, shall be included?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.