Human Anatomy & Physiology
Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780805382952
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 1CYR

Which of the following are considered parts of the axial skeleton? (Circle all that apply.)

a. Pectoral girdle

b. Lower limb

c. Skull

d. Vertebral column

e. Pelvic girdle

f. Thoracic cage

Expert Solution & Answer
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Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The skeletal system provides the framework for the body. The human skeletonconsists of 270 bones at the time of birth, but the number decreases to 206 inadulthood because of the fusion of some bones. The human skeletal system is dividedinto two parts: axial skeleton, whichmaintainsan upright posture of the human body, and appendicular skeleton, whichconsists of limbs and girdles. Appendicular skeleton helps in the movement of the body.

Answer to Problem 1CYR

Correct answer:

The parts of the axial skeleton are skull, vertebral column, andthoracic cage.

Explanation of Solution

Justification/explanationfor the correct answer:

Options (c), (d), and (f) areskull, vertebral column, as well as thoracic cage, respectively. The axialskeleton consists of 80 bones. The skull is composed of 22 bones, out of which eightare cranial bones and 14 are facial bones, whichmake the framework for the face. The vertebral column is composed of 33 bones, out of which 24 bonessurround the spinal cord, and two inferior bones, namely, the sacrum (5 fused vertebrae) and coccyx (4 fused vertebrae), are fused with each other. The thoracic cage has 12 pairs of ribs, whichprotect the lungs and heart. Hence, options (c), (d), and (f) are correct.

Explanation for the incorrect answers:

Option (a) is pectoral girdle. Pectoral girdle surrounds and supports the upper limbs. Itcontains two bones: clavicle and scapula, and is not a part of the axial skeleton. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (b) is lower limb. The lower limb consists of three parts, which are femur(thigh), tibia, and fibula (leg), and foot bone comprising tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges. Theselimbs hold the upper part of the body. Theyhelp in locomotion and are not a part of the axial skeleton. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (e) is pelvic girdle. Pelvic girdle consists of two pelvic bones and the sacrum. It supports the pectoral girdle. The pelvic bone consists of three fused bones, namely, ilium, ischium, and pubis. It is also not apart of the axial skeleton. So, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that the skeletal system of a humancomprisestwo parts. The parts of the axial skeletonare skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage. So, options (c), (d), and (f) are correct.

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Chapter 7 Solutions

Human Anatomy & Physiology

Ch. 7.3 - 1. How many cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral,...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2QCCh. 7.3 - Compare scoliosis, lordosis, and kyphosis.Ch. 7.3 - How do the atlas and axis differ from other...Ch. 7.3 - Identify each of the following characteristics as...Ch. 7.3 - 6. Describe the structure of an intervertebral...Ch. 7.3 - 7. What are the three components of the sternum? Ch. 7.3 - How do true, false, and floating ribs differ?Ch. 7.4 - With which structures does the clavicle...Ch. 7.4 - 2. What are the glenoid cavity, acromion, and...Ch. 7.4 - 3. With which structures does the humerus...Ch. 7.4 - Describe the structure and location of the...Ch. 7.4 - 5. How do the radius and ulna differ in their...Ch. 7.4 - Which parts of the radius and ulna articulate with...Ch. 7.4 - With what other bones do the radius and ulna...Ch. 7.4 - 8. List the proximal and distal carpal bones from...Ch. 7.4 - 9. How many metacarpals and phalanges are in the...Ch. 7.4 - 10. What are the three parts of a metacarpal and...Ch. 7.5 - With which bones does the femur articulate? Be...Ch. 7.5 - Which parts of the femur form these articulations?Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 7.5 - 4. With which bones does the tibia articulate?...Ch. 7.5 - 5. What are the bony projections of the medial...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 6QCCh. 7.5 - How does the structure of the foot and toes...Ch. 7.5 - 8. What are the three arches of the foot? Ch. 7 - 1. Which of the following are considered parts of...Ch. 7 - 2. ________is the anatomical name for a hole in a...Ch. 7 - Fill in the blanks: The two parietal bones are...Ch. 7 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 7 - The only moveable bone in the adult skull is the:...Ch. 7 - 6. The structure(s) that divide the nasal cavity...Ch. 7 - The soft spots in an infants skull are known as:...Ch. 7 - 8. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 7 - 9. Transverse foramina are a characteristic of...Ch. 7 - Fill in the blanks: The inferior portion of the...Ch. 7 - How do true, false, and floating ribs differ from...Ch. 7 - Which of the following portions of the scapula...Ch. 7 - Fill in the blanks: The only bone of the arm is...Ch. 7 - The elbow bone is called the: a. trochlea. b....Ch. 7 - Which of the following is not a proximal carpal...Ch. 7 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 7 - 17. The most lateral projection of the proximal...Ch. 7 - 18. Fill in the blanks: The bones of the leg are...Ch. 7 - 19. The heel bone is more properly known as...Ch. 7 - The arch(es) of the foot are the: a. transverse...Ch. 7 - How do the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2) differ...Ch. 7 - Explain how abnormal bone structure could affect...Ch. 7 - What structures form the knee and elbow joints? Of...Ch. 7 - A deviated septum results when the nasal septum is...Ch. 7 - Mrs. Dent presents to the clinic with back pain....Ch. 7 - You arrive on the scene where a person without a...Ch. 7 - Predict where each of the following structures is...
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The Skeletal System; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-FF7Qigd3U;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY