The physiological characteristics of V. cholerae. Introduction: Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera . It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by the bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The physiological characteristics of V. cholerae.

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by the bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Cholera is the most common water borne disease caused by a water-borne pathogen. The pathogens are transmitted through the water while drinking, bathing, and eating food which is exposed to contaminated water. Vibrio cholera is a Gram-negative bacterium that appears like coma shape. The organism grows in brackish water which is saltier than fresh water but less salty than sea water.

Transmission of Vibrio cholera occurs through the fecal-oral route by consuming contaminated water or food.

Conclusion

Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne pathogen which causes cholera disease.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The mechanism by which Vibrio cholera causes such severe diarrhea

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by a bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Vibrio cholera contains the bacteriophages CTXϕ which cause the release of cholera toxin as soon the bacterium invades the mucosal membrane of the intestine. The toxin binds to the cell and prevents the entry of sodium ion in the cell by pumping out chloride ion. This pumping mechanism creates a hypertonic environment in the lumen of the small intestine causing endosmosis and finally results in loss of electrolytes and fluid from the body.

Conclusion

Cholera is characterized by loss of electrolytes and fluids from the body causing massive diarrhea.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The physiological characteristics of V. cholerae.

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by the bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Cholera is the most common water borne disease caused by a water-borne pathogen. The pathogens are transmitted through the water while drinking, bathing, and eating food which is exposed to contaminated water. Vibrio cholera is a Gram-negative bacterium that appears like coma shape. The organism grows in brackish water which is saltier than fresh water but less salty than sea water.

Transmission of Vibrio cholera occurs through the fecal-oral route by consuming contaminated water or food.

Conclusion

Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne pathogen which causes cholera disease.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The mechanism by which Vibrio cholera causes such severe diarrhea

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by a bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Vibrio cholera contains the bacteriophages CTXϕ which cause the release of cholera toxin as soon the bacterium invades the mucosal membrane of the intestine. The toxin binds to the cell and prevents the entry of sodium ion in the cell by pumping out chloride ion. This pumping mechanism creates a hypertonic environment in the lumen of the small intestine causing endosmosis and finally results in loss of electrolytes and fluid from the body.

Conclusion

Cholera is characterized by loss of electrolytes and fluids from the body causing massive diarrhea.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The physiological characteristics of V. cholerae.

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by the bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Cholera is the most common water borne disease caused by a water-borne pathogen. The pathogens are transmitted through the water while drinking, bathing, and eating food which is exposed to contaminated water. Vibrio cholera is a Gram-negative bacterium that appears like coma shape. The organism grows in brackish water which is saltier than fresh water but less salty than sea water.

Transmission of Vibrio cholera occurs through the fecal-oral route by consuming contaminated water or food.

Conclusion

Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne pathogen which causes cholera disease.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The mechanism by which Vibrio cholera causes such severe diarrhea

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by a bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Vibrio cholera contains the bacteriophages CTXϕ which cause the release of cholera toxin as soon the bacterium invades the mucosal membrane of the intestine. The toxin binds to the cell and prevents the entry of sodium ion in the cell by pumping out chloride ion. This pumping mechanism creates a hypertonic environment in the lumen of the small intestine causing endosmosis and finally results in loss of electrolytes and fluid from the body.

Conclusion

Cholera is characterized by loss of electrolytes and fluids from the body causing massive diarrhea.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The physiological characteristics of V. cholerae.

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by the bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Cholera is the most common water borne disease caused by a water-borne pathogen. The pathogens are transmitted through the water while drinking, bathing, and eating food which is exposed to contaminated water. Vibrio cholera is a Gram-negative bacterium that appears like coma shape. The organism grows in brackish water which is saltier than fresh water but less salty than sea water.

Transmission of Vibrio cholera occurs through the fecal-oral route by consuming contaminated water or food.

Conclusion

Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne pathogen which causes cholera disease.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The mechanism by which Vibrio cholera causes such severe diarrhea

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by a bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Vibrio cholera contains the bacteriophages CTXϕ which cause the release of cholera toxin as soon the bacterium invades the mucosal membrane of the intestine. The toxin binds to the cell and prevents the entry of sodium ion in the cell by pumping out chloride ion. This pumping mechanism creates a hypertonic environment in the lumen of the small intestine causing endosmosis and finally results in loss of electrolytes and fluid from the body.

Conclusion

Cholera is characterized by loss of electrolytes and fluids from the body causing massive diarrhea.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The physiological characteristics of V. cholerae.

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by the bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Cholera is the most common water borne disease caused by a water-borne pathogen. The pathogens are transmitted through the water while drinking, bathing, and eating food which is exposed to contaminated water. Vibrio cholera is a Gram-negative bacterium that appears like coma shape. The organism grows in brackish water which is saltier than fresh water but less salty than sea water.

Transmission of Vibrio cholera occurs through the fecal-oral route by consuming contaminated water or food.

Conclusion

Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne pathogen which causes cholera disease.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The mechanism by which Vibrio cholera causes such severe diarrhea

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by a bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Vibrio cholera contains the bacteriophages CTXϕ which cause the release of cholera toxin as soon the bacterium invades the mucosal membrane of the intestine. The toxin binds to the cell and prevents the entry of sodium ion in the cell by pumping out chloride ion. This pumping mechanism creates a hypertonic environment in the lumen of the small intestine causing endosmosis and finally results in loss of electrolytes and fluid from the body.

Conclusion

Cholera is characterized by loss of electrolytes and fluids from the body causing massive diarrhea.

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The physiological characteristics of V. cholerae.

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by the bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Cholera is the most common water borne disease caused by a water-borne pathogen. The pathogens are transmitted through the water while drinking, bathing, and eating food which is exposed to contaminated water. Vibrio cholera is a Gram-negative bacterium that appears like coma shape. The organism grows in brackish water which is saltier than fresh water but less salty than sea water.

Transmission of Vibrio cholera occurs through the fecal-oral route by consuming contaminated water or food.

Conclusion

Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne pathogen which causes cholera disease.

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The physiological characteristics of V. cholerae.

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by the bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Cholera is the most common water borne disease caused by a water-borne pathogen. The pathogens are transmitted through the water while drinking, bathing, and eating food which is exposed to contaminated water. Vibrio cholera is a Gram-negative bacterium that appears like coma shape. The organism grows in brackish water which is saltier than fresh water but less salty than sea water.

Transmission of Vibrio cholera occurs through the fecal-oral route by consuming contaminated water or food.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Conclusion

Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne pathogen which causes cholera disease.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The mechanism by which Vibrio cholera causes such severe diarrhea

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by a bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Vibrio cholera contains the bacteriophages CTXϕ which cause the release of cholera toxin as soon the bacterium invades the mucosal membrane of the intestine. The toxin binds to the cell and prevents the entry of sodium ion in the cell by pumping out chloride ion. This pumping mechanism creates a hypertonic environment in the lumen of the small intestine causing endosmosis and finally results in loss of electrolytes and fluid from the body.

Conclusion

Cholera is characterized by loss of electrolytes and fluids from the body causing massive diarrhea.

Answer 14

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The mechanism by which Vibrio cholera causes such severe diarrhea

Introduction:

Cholera is defined as an infectious disorder which is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera. It is caused by eating and drinking food items that are contaminated by a bacterium. It causes massive loss of fluid and electrolytes and results in diarrhea.

Answer 15

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Vibrio cholera contains the bacteriophages CTXϕ which cause the release of cholera toxin as soon the bacterium invades the mucosal membrane of the intestine. The toxin binds to the cell and prevents the entry of sodium ion in the cell by pumping out chloride ion. This pumping mechanism creates a hypertonic environment in the lumen of the small intestine causing endosmosis and finally results in loss of electrolytes and fluid from the body.