BIOCHEMISTRY (LL)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337805100
Author: Campbell
Publisher: CENGAGE L
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 7, Problem 19RE
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The historical method that is used in drug designing.
Concept introduction:
Drugs are the chemical substances that produce therapeutic effects in the body and are, therefore, useful in curing diseases. A drug targets the biological system in the treatment of a disease, where the targets are tissues and cells.
Drug designing is an inventive process in which new medications are founded using knowledge of the target molecule. A mechanism in which allosteric enzymes work cooperatively is nowadays used in the production of drugs by many pharmaceuticals industries.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Example 1:
1. Suppose an enzyme (MW = 5,000 g/mole) has a concentration of 0.05 mg/L. If the
kcat is 1 x 10 s, what is the theoretical maximum reaction velocity for the
enzyme?
A) 1050 µM/s.
B) 100 µM/s.
C) 150 μM/s.
D) 105 μM/s.
In 1956, E. P. Kennedy and S. B. Weiss published their study of membrane lipid phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) synthesis in rat
liver. Their hypothesis was that phosphocholine joined with some cellular component to yield lecithin. In an earlier experiment,
incubating 32 P-labeled phosphocholine at physiological temperature (37 °C) with broken cells from rat liver yielded labeled
lecithin. This became their assay for the enzymes involved in lecithin synthesis.
Determine the optimal pH for this enzyme and characterize the enzyme activity at different pH values.
-O-P-O-CH2-CH₁₂-N(CH3)3
Phosphocholine
H₂C-O-C-R
HC-O-C-R2
+
+
+
Cell fraction + ?
HC-O-P-O-CH₁₂-CH₂-N(CH),
O
Phosphatidylcholine
The researchers then centrifuged the broken cell preparation
to separate the membranes from the soluble proteins. They
tested three preparations: whole extract, membranes, and
soluble proteins. Table 1 summarizes the results.
Table 1: Cell fraction requirement for incorporation of
32p-phosphocholine into…
Researchers isolated an unknown substance, X, from rabbit muscle. They determined its structure from the following
observations and experiments.
(a) Qualitative analysis showed that X was composed entirely of C, H, and O. A weighed sample of X was completely oxidized
and the H2O and CO2 produced were measured. This quantitative analysis revealed that X contained 40.00% C, 6.71% H, and
53.29% O by weight.
(b) The molecular mass of X, as determined by mass spectrometry, was 90.00 atomic mass units (u).
(c) Infrared spectroscopy showed that X contained one double bond.
(d) X dissolved readily in water, and the solution demonstrated optical activity when tested in a polarimeter.
(e) The aqueous solution of X is acidic.
What is the empirical formula of X?
Chapter 7 Solutions
BIOCHEMISTRY (LL)
Ch. 7 - RECALL What features distinguish enzymes that...Ch. 7 - RECALL What is the metabolic role of aspartate...Ch. 7 - RECALL What molecule acts as a positive effector...Ch. 7 - RECALL Is the term KM used with allosteric...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5RECh. 7 - Prob. 6RECh. 7 - RECALL What is a homotropic effect? What is a...Ch. 7 - RECALL What is the structure of ATCase?Ch. 7 - RECALL How is the cooperative behavior of...Ch. 7 - RECALL Does the behavior of allosteric enzymes...
Ch. 7 - RECALL Does the behavior of allosteric enzymes...Ch. 7 - RECALL Explain what is meant by K0.5.Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY Explain the experiment used to...Ch. 7 - RECALL Distinguish between the concerted and...Ch. 7 - RECALL Which allosteric model can explain negative...Ch. 7 - RECALL With the concerted model, what conditions...Ch. 7 - Prob. 17RECh. 7 - Prob. 18RECh. 7 - Prob. 19RECh. 7 - Prob. 20RECh. 7 - Prob. 21RECh. 7 - BIOCHEMICAL CONNECTIONS How does Valium work?Ch. 7 - Prob. 23RECh. 7 - Prob. 24RECh. 7 - RECALL What is the function of a protein kinase?Ch. 7 - RECALL What amino acids are often phosphorylated...Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY What are some possible...Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY Explain how phosphorylation is...Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY Explain how glycogen...Ch. 7 - Prob. 30RECh. 7 - Prob. 31RECh. 7 - RECALL Name three proteins that are subject to the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 33RECh. 7 - RECALL What are caspases?Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY Explain why cleavage of the bond...Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY Why is it necessary or...Ch. 7 - Prob. 37RECh. 7 - Prob. 38RECh. 7 - Prob. 39RECh. 7 - RECALL What are the two essential amino acids in...Ch. 7 - RECALL Why does the enzyme reaction for...Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY Briefly describe the role of...Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY Explain the function of...Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY Explain why the second phase of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 45RECh. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY An inhibitor that specifically...Ch. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY What properties of metal ions...Ch. 7 - RECALL In biochemistry mechanisms, what group is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 49RECh. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY Explain the difference between...Ch. 7 - Prob. 51RECh. 7 - Prob. 52RECh. 7 - Prob. 53RECh. 7 - REFLECT AND APPLY What is the relationship between...Ch. 7 - Prob. 55RECh. 7 - BIOCHEMICAL CONNECTIONS Why can cocaine addiction...Ch. 7 - Prob. 57RECh. 7 - Prob. 58RECh. 7 - RECALL How are coenzymes related to vitamins?Ch. 7 - RECALL What type of reaction uses vitamin B6?Ch. 7 - Prob. 61RECh. 7 - Prob. 62RECh. 7 - Prob. 63RECh. 7 - BIOCHEMICAL CONNECTIONS What are some of the ways...Ch. 7 - Prob. 65RECh. 7 - Prob. 66RECh. 7 - Prob. 67RECh. 7 - Prob. 68RECh. 7 - Prob. 69RECh. 7 - Prob. 70RECh. 7 - Prob. 71RECh. 7 - Prob. 72RECh. 7 - Prob. 73RE
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Show work. don't give Ai generated solution....give correct solutionarrow_forwardBiochemistry What is the process of "transamination" in either the muscles or the liver, that involves keto acid or glutamic acid? Please explain how the steps work. Thank you!arrow_forwardBiochemistry Please help. Thank you What is the importance of glutamic acid in the metabolism of nitrogen from amino acids? (we know therole; it’s used to remove the nitrogen from amino acids so that the remaining carbon skeleton can bebroken down by the “usual” pathways, but what is the important, unique role that only glutamicacid/glutamate can do?)arrow_forward
- Biochemistry Please help. Thank you When carbamyl phosphate is joined to L-ornathine, where does the energy for the reaction come from?arrow_forwardBiochemistry Question Please help. Thank you What is the function of glutamate dehydrogenase?arrow_forwardBiochemistry Question Please help. Thank you How and why does a high protein diet affect the enzymes of the urea cycle?arrow_forward
- Biochemistry What is the importance of the glucose-alanine cycle?arrow_forwardBiochemistry Assuming 2.5 molecules of ATP per oxidation of NADH/(H+) and 1.5molecules of ATP per oxidation of FADH2, how many ATP are produced per molecule of pyruvate? Please help. Thank youarrow_forward1. How would you explain the term ‘good food’? 2. How would you define Nutrition? 3. Nutrients are generally categorised into two forms. Discuss.arrow_forward
- Biochemistry Question. Please help solve. Thank you! Based upon knowledge of oxidation of bioorganic compounds and howmuch energy is released during their oxidation, rank the following, from most to least, with respect to how much energy would be produced from each during their oxidation. Explain your placement for each one.arrow_forwardBiochemistry Question.For the metabolism of amino acids what is the first step for theirbreakdown? Why is it necessary for this breakdown product to be transported to the liver? For the catabolism of the carbon backbone of these amino acids, there are 7 entry points into the “standard” metabolic pathways. List these 7 entry points and which amino acids are metabolized to these entry points. Please help. Thank you!arrow_forwardBiochemistry Question. Please help. Thank you. You are studying pyruvate utilization in mammals for ATP production under aerobic conditions and have synthesized pyruvate with Carbon #1 labelled with radioactive C14. After only one complete cycle of the TCA cycle, which of the TCA cycle intermediates would be labeled with C14? Explain your answer. Interestingly, you find C14 being excreted in the urine. How does it get there?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305961135
Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougal
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biomolecules - Protein - Amino acids; Author: Tutorials Point (India) Ltd.;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySNVPDHJ0ek;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY