EP CHEMISTRY:CENTRAL..-MOD.MASTERING
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780136781509
Author: Brown
Publisher: PEARSON CO
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 15E
Detailed calculations show that the value of Zeff for the outermost electrons in Na and K atoms is 2.51 + and 3.49 +, respectively. (a) What value do you estimate for Zeff experienced by the outermost electron in both Na and K by assuming core electrons contribute 1.00 and valence electrons contribute 0.00 to the screening constant? (b) What values do you estimate for Zeff using Slater's rules? (c) Which approach gives a more accurate estimate of Zeff? (d) Does either method of approximation account for the gradual increase in Ziff that occurs upon moving down a group? (e) Predict Zeff for the outermost electrons in the Rb atom based on the calculations for Na and K.
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Consider the isoelectronic ions Cl- and K+. (a) Which ionis smaller? (b) Using Equation 7.1 and assuming that coreelectrons contribute 1.00 and valence electrons contributenothing to the screening constant, S, calculate Zeff for thesetwo ions. (c) Repeat this calculation using Slater’s rules toestimate the screening constant, S. (d) For isoelectronic ions,how are effective nuclear charge and ionic radius related?
A) Which of the halogen elements has the highest density in its standard state?
B) Which of the elements of the third period should have the highest 2nd ionization energy?
C) For which of Al, Si or P is the absolute value of the Electron Affinity greatest?
D) Which of the ions Mg2+, Sr2+, Ca2+, Be2+, Ba2+, or Ra2+ is the smallest?
E) For the elements: X = Br, I, Cl, or H, which has the the smallest average X-C bond energy?
(a) Rank elements: Na, Mg, Al, and K, in increasing order of: (i) atomic size; (ii) ionization energy, and (iii) reactivity. (b) Explain why atomic size decreases from left to right, but increases from top to bottom; (c) Explain why ionization energy increases from left to right, but decreases from top to bottom; (d) Explain why the reactivity of alkali metals (Group-1) increases from top to bottom, where as the reactivity of halogen (Group-17) decreases from top to bottom.
Chapter 7 Solutions
EP CHEMISTRY:CENTRAL..-MOD.MASTERING
Ch. 7.3 - Hypothetical elements X and Y form a molecule XY2,...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7.1.2PECh. 7.3 - Prob. 7.2.1PECh. 7.3 -
Arrange Be, C, K, and Ca in order of increasing...Ch. 7.3 - Arrange the following atoms and ions in order of...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7.3.2PECh. 7.3 - Prob. 7.4.1PECh. 7.3 - Prob. 7.4.2PECh. 7.4 - Prob. 7.5.1PECh. 7.4 - Prob. 7.5.2PE
Ch. 7.4 - Consider the following statements about first...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 7.6.2PECh. 7.4 - Prob. 7.7.1PECh. 7.4 -
Write the electron configurations for (a) Ga3+...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 7.8.1PECh. 7.6 - Prob. 7.8.2PECh. 7.6 - Prob. 7.9.1PECh. 7.6 - Prob. 7.9.2PECh. 7.7 - Prob. 7.10.1PECh. 7.7 - Prob. 7.10.2PECh. 7 - Prob. 1DECh. 7 - Prob. 1ECh. 7 -
7.2 Which of these spheres represents F, which...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3ECh. 7 - Prob. 4ECh. 7 - Prob. 5ECh. 7 - Prob. 6ECh. 7 - Prob. 7ECh. 7 - Prob. 8ECh. 7 - Prob. 9ECh. 7 - Prob. 10ECh. 7 - Prob. 11ECh. 7 -
7.12 Moseley's experiments on X rays emitted from...Ch. 7 - Among elements 1-18, which element or elements...Ch. 7 - Prob. 14ECh. 7 - Detailed calculations show that the value of Zeff...Ch. 7 - Detailed calculations show that the value of Zeff...Ch. 7 - Which will experience the greater effective...Ch. 7 - Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing...Ch. 7 - Prob. 19ECh. 7 - Prob. 20ECh. 7 - Tungsten has the highest melting point of any...Ch. 7 - Prob. 22ECh. 7 - Estimate the As-I bond length from the data in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 24ECh. 7 - Using only the periodic table, arrange each set of...Ch. 7 - Using only the periodic table, arrange each set of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 27ECh. 7 - Prob. 28ECh. 7 - Which neutral atom is isoelectronic with each of...Ch. 7 - Some ions do not have a corresponding neutral atom...Ch. 7 - Consider the isoelectronic ions F- and Na+. (a)...Ch. 7 - Prob. 32ECh. 7 - Prob. 33ECh. 7 - Arrange each of the following sets of atoms and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 35ECh. 7 - In the ionic compoundsLiF,NaCI,KBr, andRbl, the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 37ECh. 7 -
7.38 Write equations that show the process for...Ch. 7 - Prob. 39ECh. 7 - Prob. 40ECh. 7 - Prob. 41ECh. 7 - (a) What is the trend in first ionization energies...Ch. 7 - Prob. 43ECh. 7 - Prob. 44ECh. 7 - Prob. 45ECh. 7 - Prob. 46ECh. 7 - Prob. 47ECh. 7 - Prob. 48ECh. 7 - Write an equation for the second electron affinity...Ch. 7 - If the electron affinity for an element is a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 51ECh. 7 -
7.52 What is the relationship between the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 53ECh. 7 - Consider the following equation: Ca + (g) + e-...Ch. 7 -
7.55(a) Does metallic character increase,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 56ECh. 7 - Prob. 57ECh. 7 - Prob. 58ECh. 7 - Predict whether each of the following oxides is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 60ECh. 7 - Would you expect manganese(II) oxide, MnO, react...Ch. 7 - Prob. 62ECh. 7 - Prob. 63ECh. 7 - An element X reacts with oxygen to form X02 and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 65ECh. 7 - Prob. 66ECh. 7 - Prob. 67ECh. 7 - Prob. 68ECh. 7 - Prob. 69ECh. 7 - Write a balanced equation for the reaction that...Ch. 7 - (a) As described in Section 7.7 , the alkali...Ch. 7 - Prob. 72ECh. 7 - Prob. 73ECh. 7 - Prob. 74ECh. 7 - Prob. 75ECh. 7 - Prob. 76ECh. 7 - Prob. 77ECh. 7 - Prob. 78ECh. 7 - Consider the stable elements through lead (Z =...Ch. 7 -
17.80]Figure 7.4 shows the radial probability...Ch. 7 - (a) If the core electrons were totally effective...Ch. 7 - Prob. 82AECh. 7 - Prob. 83AECh. 7 - Prob. 84AECh. 7 - Prob. 85AECh. 7 - The following observations are made about two...Ch. 7 - Prob. 87AECh. 7 - Prob. 88AECh. 7 - Prob. 89AECh. 7 - Prob. 90AECh. 7 - Explain the variation in the ionization energies...Ch. 7 - Prob. 92AECh. 7 - Prob. 93AECh. 7 - Prob. 94AECh. 7 - Prob. 95AECh. 7 - Prob. 96AECh. 7 - Prob. 97AECh. 7 - The electron affinities. in kJ/mol, for the group...Ch. 7 -
7.99 Hydrogen is an unusual element because it...Ch. 7 - Prob. 100AECh. 7 - Prob. 101AECh. 7 - Which of the following is the expected product of...Ch. 7 - Elemental cesium reacts more violently with water...Ch. 7 - Prob. 104AECh. 7 - Prob. 105AECh. 7 - Prob. 106AECh. 7 - Prob. 107AECh. 7 - Prob. 108AECh. 7 - Prob. 109IECh. 7 - Prob. 110IECh. 7 - Prob. 111IECh. 7 - Mercury in the environment can exist in oxidation...Ch. 7 - When magnesium metal is burned in air (Figure 3.6...Ch. 7 - Prob. 114IECh. 7 - Prob. 115IE
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