ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135964422
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 12TYU
Summary Introduction
To illustrate:
How at every level of biological hierarchy new properties emerge.
Concept introduction:
According to the biological hierarchy, the organisms and be categories from the biggest to the smallest, as follows:
Biosphere
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Complete the Metabolic process of the concept map provided below and base your answer based on these provided choices:
Choices: cytoplasm, ATP synthase, electron, NADH, acetyl-CoA, hydrogen ions, anaerobic respiration, oxaloacetate, oxygen, citrate, TCA Cycle, 2 ATP, aerobic respiration, 6 NADH, ATP, water, sulfate, hydrogen sulfide, mitochondrial matrix, 2FADH2, pyruvate, ethanol
(c) Compare the differences between oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation by
redrawing (if necessary) and completing the table given below:
Table 1: Comparison of oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation
Photophosphorylation
Organelle
Source of electrons
Final electron acceptor
Source of energy
Role of ATP
Identify the missing words in the below description about electron transport chain.
Word bank: ATP synthase, electrons, glycolysis, oxidation-reduction, oxidoreductases, protons, proton motive force, TCA cycle,
Question:
NADH and FADH2 generated from
and
donate their high energy
the first electron acceptor molecule on the ETC. The electron then flow through a series of electron accepting molecules via repeated
reaction, releasing some energy at each step. The released energy is captured by the membrane-bound
(where the e-accepting molecules are in) and used to pump
creating a proton concentration gradient (higher outside of the cell, lower inside the cell) known as
the cell via the proton channel on the membrane, the energy is used by the enzyme
RH
Glycolysis
NDH-1
NADH+H
TCA cycle
4H¹
4H
Electron transfer
is coupled to
pumping H* ions.
2H
NAD + 2H*
Quinone pool
Quinols carry electrons
to another ETS complex
pumping H* ions.
2H*
Wan
SIGH
2H
2H*
½20₂ + 2H*
Cyt bo
to generate ATP from…
Chapter 7 Solutions
ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
Ch. 7.1 - Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 7.1 - Name and describe the two ways in which ATP is...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 7.2 - During step 6 in Figure 7.9, which molecule acts...Ch. 7.3 - Name the molecules that conserve most of the...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 7.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from an...Ch. 7.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.6 - WHAT IF? During intense exercise, can a muscle...Ch. 7 - The immediate energy source that drives ATP...Ch. 7 - Which metabolic pathway is common to both...Ch. 7 - In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions A. are...Ch. 7 - The final electron acceptor of the electron...Ch. 7 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 7 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 7 - Most co, from catabolism is released during A....Ch. 7 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 7 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 7 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 7 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION ATP synthases are found in the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Describe with a summary picture the aerobic respiration from glucose (CHO) all the way to Co2 and water. Highlight, with yellow the flow of H (and then electrons and protons) and in red the ATP Include: inner membrane, outer membrane, matrix, intermembrane space glycolisis, Krebs cycle (citirc acid), e.t.c. (oxidative phosphorilation) ATP synthase, NADH dehydrogenase complex, cyt b-c1complex, cyt oxidase complex, ubiquinone, cytochrome-c glucose, pyruvate, acetyl-Co-A, H2O, O2, CO2, NADH, NAD+, FADH2, e-, H+, ATP, ADP +Pi direction of the arrows, inner membrane potential, gradient of protons, inner membrane transporters, outer membrane porinsarrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements applies to mitochondria, chloroplasts, both or neither. Uses an ATP synthase enzyme. A reduced coenzyme is produced using a cyclic process. Protons are moved by active transport. The initial electron donor is a water molecule. Electrons flow from a high energy state to a low energy state. Electron transport relies on a functional antenna complex. Lactic acid is produced. Glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6 phosphate.arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion to all partsarrow_forward
- Base from the diagram 1. what is the final electron acceptor of the electrons removed from the intermeddiate compounds in the glucose and catabolism? 2. what is the process in the electron transport chain that makes us energy from a proton gradient to make ATP? 3. What is the function of ATP synthase in the last stage of cellular respiration?arrow_forwardExplain the electron transport chain. Mention the sites of ATP synthesis. Add a note on inhibitors and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation.arrow_forwardplz explain in details. Organisms must do tasks in order to survive. This work requires either light for photosynthesis or the chemical potential energy of organic molecules as an energy input. Explain the necessity for energy in living organisms and provide two (2) examples. Explain the oxidative phosphorylation process, particularly the involvement of oxygen. Discuss the generation of a low yield of ATP from anaerobic respiration and the formation of lactate in mammals.arrow_forward
- Describe, in detail, the role of ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane. Discuss the source, fate and flow of electrons and energy in detail, naming all molecules.arrow_forwardIllustrate the ATP hydrolysis reaction, its regeneration and the AG for both reactions. Show where energy is released in each reaction In the boxes below, Illustrate and describe THREE WAYS IN WHICH ATP HYDROLYSIS provides energy in biological systemsarrow_forwardCan you please explain the relationship of ATP concentration and NADH concentration in this graph (cellular respiration)? At different treatments of ATP (E.g. At 25 ATP, 50 ATP, 100 ATP), why did the NADH concentration change?arrow_forward
- Explain the electron transport chain & ATP synthase, and point out active (requireenergy) and passive (no energy input required) processes. Use a simple drawing toillustrate your explanation.arrow_forwardAs electrons move from Complex I & II to Complex IV, H+ ions accumulate in the intermembrane space. Describe how these ions are then used to generate ATP using the following terms: ATP synthase, ADP, ATP, electrochemical gradient, chemiosmosis, intermembrane space, matrix.arrow_forwardDescribe the key components of the electron-transport chain and how they are arrangedarrow_forward
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