Chapter 6.4, Problem 41E

Using the probabilities calculated in the previous exercise, determine if the probabilities P(hybrid|male) and P(male|hybrid) equal. If not, write a sentence or two explaining the difference between these two probabilities.

6.40 The accompanying data are from the article “Characteristics of Buyers of Hybrid Honda Civic IMA: Preferences, Decision Process, Vehicle Ownership, and Willingness-to-Pay” (Institute for Environmental Decisions, November 2006). Each of 311 people who purchased a Honda Civic was classified according to sex and whether the car purchased had a hybrid engine or not.

Suppose one of these 311 individuals is to be selected at random.

1. a. Find the following probabilities:
   1. i. P(male)
   2. ii. P(hybrid)
   3. iii. P(hybrid|male)
   4. iv. P(hybrid|female)
   5. v. P(female|hybrid)
2. b. For each of the probabilities calculated in Part (a), write a sentence interpreting the probability. (Hint: See Example 6.13.)