Concept explainers
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
DRAW IT A researcher has developed an assay to measure the activity of an important enzyme present in liver cells growing in culture. She adds the enzyme’s substrate to a dish of cells and then measures the appearance of reaction products. The results are graphed as the amount of product on the y-axis versus time on the x-axis. The researcher notes four sections of the graph. For a short period of time, no products appear (section A). Then (section B) the reaction rate is quite high (the slope of the line is steep). Next, the reaction gradually slows down (section C). Finally, the graph line becomes flat (section D). Draw and label the graph, and propose a model to explain the molecular events occurring at each stage of this reaction profile.
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- The diagram shows the mechanism of a general enzyme‑catalyzed reaction. Put the labels in the correct locations. The abbreviations E, P and S indicate the enzyme, product, and substrate, respectively.arrow_forwardStep 1: Depict E + S • Draw an enzyme and one substrate. Show and label the substrate binding site on the enzyme. Step 2: Depict ES • Draw the enzyme bound to the substrate in the substrate binding site. Step 3: Depict EP • Draw the enzyme bound to the product (the changed substrate). Step 4: Depict E + P • Draw the enzyme with the product released. (Note: the enzyme is returned to its original state and can be reused.) Step 5: Impact of Inhibitors • Go to the prompts that have arrows pointing to the E + S picture you drew and fill in the blanks with the appropriate type of inhibitor (competitive or non-competitive/allosteric).arrow_forwardThe image shows the rate of an enzyme reaction under conditions of no inhibition, competitive inhibition, and noncompetitive inhibition as reactions labeled uninhibited, A, and B. Which of the following best explains what has occurred in the enzyme reactions? Reaction B shows competitive inhibition, where increased substrate competes with inhibitors for the active site. Reaction A shows noncompetitive inhibition, where increased substrate competes with inhibitors for the active site. Reaction A shows competitive inhibition, where increased substrate does not affect the enzyme’s binding with the inhibitor. Reaction B shows noncompetitive inhibition, where increased substrate does not affect the enzyme’s binding with the inhibitor.arrow_forward
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