Chapter 6, Problem 6A

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Atoms are neutral. They do not have an electric charge. To form a stable atom the outermost energy level should be either empty or completely filled. Some atoms tend to donate or accept electrons to empty or filled the outer energy level in order to be stable. An atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons becomes an ion and carries an electric charge.

Answer to Problem 6A

Correct answer :

The correct answer is option (A) electron gain

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer :

Option (A) electron gain. Chlorine has seven electrons in its outer energy level and needs just one electron to fill it. When chlorine accepts (gains) an electron from a donor atom, chlorine becomes a negatively charged ion (Cl ^-). So, the correct answer is option (A).

Explanation for incorrect answer :

Option (B) electron loss. Chlorine has seven electrons in its outer energy level and it needs only one electron to feel the level. Therefore, no electrons should be needed to donate. So, this is an incorrect option.

Option (C) proton gain. Atoms do not gain protons. The number of protons remains the same for an atom. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (D) proton loss. Atoms do not lose protons. The number of protons remains the same for an atom. So, this is an incorrect answer.