FUND OF ENG THERMODYN(LLF)+WILEYPLUS
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781119391777
Author: MORAN
Publisher: WILEY
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The entropy change of a system can be negative, but the entropy generation cannot.
Entropy generation outside system boundaries can be accounted for by writing an entropy balance on an extended system that includes the system and its immediate surroundings.
When two systems are in contact, the entropy transfer from the warmer system is equal to the entropy transfer into the cooler one at the point of contact. That is, no entropy can be created or destroyed at the boundary since the boundary has no thickness and occupies no volume.
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- The rate of entropy transfer associated with heat transfer from a closed system operating at steady state to its surroundings must be equal to the rate of entropy production due to irreversibilities within the system. O True O False eTextbook and Media Save for Laterarrow_forwardanswer the following true or false. (a) A process that violates the second law of thermodynamics violates the first law of thermodynamics. (b) When a net amount of work is done on a closed system undergoing an internally reversible process, a net heat transfer of energy from the system also occurs. (c) A closed system can experience an increase in entropy only when a net amount of entropy is transferred into the system. (d) The change in entropy of a closed system is the same for every process between two specified end states.arrow_forwardAnswer the following true or false. Explain. (a) A process that violates the second law of thermodynamics violates the first law of thermidynamics. (b) When a net amount of work is done on a closed system undergoing an internally reversible process, a net heat transfer of energy from the system also occurs. (c) One corollary of the second law of thermodynamics states that the change in entropy of a closed system must be greater than zero or equal to zero. (d) A closed system can experience an increase in entropy only when irreversibilities are present within the system during the process. (e) Entropy is produced in every internally reversible process of a closed system. (f) In an adiabatic and internally reversible process of a closed system, the entropy remains constant. (g) The energy of an isolated system must remain constant, but the entropy can only decrease.arrow_forward
- A pure crystalline substance at absolute zero temperature is in perfect order, and its entropy is zero (the third law of thermodynamics).arrow_forwardA 60-lb aluminum bar, initially at T3 = 150°F, is placed in a tank together with 190 lb of liquid water, initially at Tw = 70°F, and allowed to achieve thermal equilibrium. The aluminum bar and water can be modeled as incompressible with specific heats c, = 0.216 Btu/lb-°R and Cw = 0.998 Btu/lb-°R, respectively. Consider the aluminum bar and water as the system and ignore heat transfer between the system and its surroundings. Determine the final temperature Tr, in °F, and the amount of entropy produced within the tank, in Btu/°R.arrow_forwardBernoulli's principle is an example of which law of thermodynamics. Explain why?arrow_forward
- If the entropy change of an adiabatic, closed system process is positive, the process is which of the following? Impossible, irreversible, externally reversible, internally reversible?arrow_forwardD2arrow_forwardOne kg of an ideal gas (gas constant R = 287 J/kg.K) undergoes an irreversible process from state-1 (1 bar, 300 K) to state -2 (2 bar, 300 K). The change in specific entropy (52 - s1) of the gas (in J/kg. K) in the process isarrow_forward
- Derive an expression for the change in entropy of the universe. 7arrow_forwardA divider separates 1 lb mass of carbon monoxide (CO) from a thermal reservoir at 150o F. the carbon monoxide, initially at 60o F and 150 lbf/in2, expands isothermally to a final pressure of 10 lbf/in2 while receiving heat transfer through the divider from the reservoir. The carbon monoxide can be modeled as an ideal gas. (a) For the carbon monoxide as the system, evaluate the work and heat transfer, each in Btu and the amount of entropy produced, in Btu/oR. (b) Evaluate the entropy production, in Btu/oR, for an enlarged system that includesthe carbon monoxide and the divider, assuming the state of the divider remains unchanged. Compare with the entropy production of part (a) and comment on the difference.arrow_forwardSelect the best answer and explain why you chose that answer. Entropy as a state function can be proven, by showing that the integral of the change in entropy for a cyclic process is zero. Considering the Carnot cycle, step 1 is a reversible isothermal expansion from A to B at Th. The entropy change can be actually calculated using: (A) qh/Th (B) zero (C) nR ln (Vb/Va) (D) nRTh ln (Vb/Va)arrow_forward
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