Chapter 6, Problem 6.3P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The atom or ion which is larger in size should be selected from the each given pair.

Concept introduction:

The atomic radii increases down a column of the periodic table because successively larger valance shell orbitals are occupied, and radii decrease from left to right across arrow of the periodic table because the effective nuclear charge increases across the row.

Since the principle quantum number of valance- shell electrons is smaller in a cation than its neutral atom, the cation is smaller size. Consequently, it has larger effective nuclear charge. Anions are larger than the corresponding neutral atoms because of additional electron-electron repulsion and a decrease in effective nuclear charge.