Interpretation:
The explanation for the given statement is to be provided and the way by which this answer is given for the reaction is to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.
Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.
Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.
Nucleophilic substitution reaction is a reaction in which an electron-rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partial positive charge of an atom or a group of atoms to replace a leaving group.
Reaction sequences involve conversion of one functional group to another, which may also require addition or loss of carbon from the reactant.
These sequences involve a number of steps carried out by different reagents. Sometimes different reagents give the same products.
An
An
The nucleophilic substitutions in which a nucleophile replaces a leaving group are known as
Cyanide ion is a much better nucleophile than ethanol.
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Organic Chemistry, 12e Study Guide/Student Solutions Manual
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- 1) Nucleophilic substitution reaction of alkyl halide is a process when nucleophile replace the leaving group of alkyl halide. Propose the mechanism and product(s) for the following substitution reaction.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms Homolytic bond breakage: Nucleophilearrow_forward(b) Answer the following questions based on the compounds below. Jawab soalan berikut berdasarkan kepada sebatian di bawah. Br -Br A в (i) Which compound has the lower boiling point? Explain your answer. Sebatian manakah yang mempunyai takat didih yang lebih rendah? Terangkan jawapan anda. (ii) Draw the SN1 mechanism for the reaction of compound B with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. Lukiskan mekanisma SN1 bagi tindak balas antara sebatian B dengan natrium hidroksida, NaOH. (ii) Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of acidity. Susunkan sebatian berikut mengikut tertib menaik keasidannya. он HO, HO, Earrow_forward
- Draw the product of the following Lewis acid-base reaction. Discuss whether the product will retain its monomeric form or if it will dimerise and why. (c) Ph Toluene AICI CHO Pharrow_forward4. A CHEM 245 student wants to synthesize some ethylene glycol to use as antifreeze in his radiator this winter. He proposes the following reaction to his instructor, who quickly explains that this reaction won't work as proposed due to the student's choice of reagent. 1) NaH 2) H20 OH Но a) Why can't sodium hydride (NaH) be used as the nucleophile in the reaction above? b) Propose an alternate reagent that COULD be used with the ethylene oxide to successfully give the desired ethylene glycol product.arrow_forwardFor the given Sy2 reaction, draw the organic and inorganic products of the reaction, and identify the nucleophile, substrate, and leaving group. Include wedge-and-dash bonds and draw hydrogen on a stereocenter. :CEN Organic product Inorganic product + Draw the organic product. Draw the inorganic product. Incorrectarrow_forward