Microbiology: A Systems Approach
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259706615
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 6, Problem 1CTQ
Provide evidence in support of or refuting the following statement: Viruses are simple cellular agents of disease.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 6 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Ch. 6.1 - Describe the significance of viruses being...Ch. 6.2 - Summarize arguments on both sides of the debate...Ch. 6.2 - Identify effective terms to describe the behavior...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 6.3 - Describe the function and structure(s) of viral...Ch. 6.3 - Distinguish between enveloped and naked viruses.Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 6.3 - Compare and contrast the composition of a viral...Ch. 6.3 - Diagram the possible nucleic acid configurations...Ch. 6.4 - Develop two arguments against assigning species...
Ch. 6.4 - Demonstrate how family and genus names in viruses...Ch. 6.5 - Diagram the six-step life cycle of animal viruses.Ch. 6.5 - Define the term cytopathic effect and provide one...Ch. 6.5 - Provide examples of persistent and transforming...Ch. 6.5 - Provide a thorough description of lysogenic and...Ch. 6.6 - List the three principal purposes for cultivating...Ch. 6.6 - Describe three ways in which viruses are...Ch. 6.7 - Prob. 18AYPCh. 6.8 - Analyze the relative importance of viruses in...Ch. 6.8 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 6 - A virus is a tiny infectious a. cell. b. living...Ch. 6 - Viruses are known to infect a. plants. b....Ch. 6 - The nucleic acid of a virus is a. DNA only. b. RNA...Ch. 6 - The general steps in a viral multiplication cycle...Ch. 6 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 6 - In general, RNA viruses multiply in the cell ____,...Ch. 6 - Viruses cannot be cultivated in/on a. tissue...Ch. 6 - Clear patches in cell cultures that indicate sites...Ch. 6 - Label the parts of this virus. Identify the...Ch. 6 - Circle the viral infections from this list:...Ch. 6 - In lysogeny, viral DNA is inserted into the host...Ch. 6 - A viral capsid is composed of subunits called...Ch. 6 - The envelope of an animal virus is derived from...Ch. 6 - The nucleic acid of animal viruses enters the cell...Ch. 6 - Viruses that persist in the (host) cell and cause...Ch. 6 - Provide evidence in support of or refuting the...Ch. 6 - Summarize the unique properties of viruses and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 6 - Compare and contrast the processes of latency and...Ch. 6 - Use the Internet to search prion diseases, and...Ch. 6 - From chapter 2, figure 2.23: A virus containing...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1CM
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