EBK HUMAN BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220100545931
Author: MCMILLAN
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 1CT
You are training athletes for the 100-meter dash. They need muscles specialized for speed and strength, not endurance. What muscle characteristics would your training regimen aim to develop? How would you alter it to train a long-distance swimmer?
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You are training athletes for the 100-meter dash. They need muscles specialized for speed and strength, not endurance. What muscle characteristics would your training regimen aim to develop? How would you alter it to train a long-distance swimmer?
In some fitness exercises you will build muscle mass but do not train the muscle to be effective. What type of training will do that and why do people do these types of trainings?
Which of the following statements is true regarding muscle contraction?
When a muuscle contracts, the sarcomere remains the same size.
When a muscle contracts, the H-zone becomes narrower (shortens).
When a muscle contracts, the lighter I-band becomes wider.
When a muscle contracts, the A-band shortens.
Chapter 6 Solutions
EBK HUMAN BIOLOGY
Ch. 6 - In a general sense, how do skeletal muscles...Ch. 6 - In the diagram below, label the fine structure of...Ch. 6 - How do actin and myosin interact in a sarcomere to...Ch. 6 - How does a muscle fiber incur an oxygen debt?Ch. 6 - What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 6 - Explain why (a) calcium ions and (b) ACh are vital...Ch. 6 - What is a motor unit? Why does a rapid series of...Ch. 6 - What are the structural and functional differences...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1SQCh. 6 - Prob. 2SQ
Ch. 6 - Prob. 3SQCh. 6 - The _____ is the basic unit of muscle contraction....Ch. 6 - Skeletal muscle contraction requires _________. a....Ch. 6 - Nerve impulses first stimulate a skeletal muscle...Ch. 6 - Prob. 7SQCh. 6 - Prob. 8SQCh. 6 - Prob. 9SQCh. 6 - Prob. 10SQCh. 6 - You are training athletes for the 100-meter dash....Ch. 6 - Prob. 2CTCh. 6 - Prob. 3CTCh. 6 - At the gym Sean gets on a stair-climbing machine...
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- How would you design a strength training program at your current stage of life, age 57, and more importantly, how would you begin to modify this program as you age to ensure that your muscular strength declines slowly?arrow_forwardTwo skeletal muscles A and B contain 1000 and 200 individual muscle fibers respectively. Muscle A has 10 motor units each consisting of one motor neuron and 100 muscle fibers. Muscle B has 20 motor units and each consisting of 10 muscle fibers and one motor neuron. Which muscle can produce a wider range of forces?arrow_forwardIn an isometric contraction the muscle develops tension but does not - exhibit elasticity does not expend energy - lengthen - widen conduct electrical current Nextarrow_forward
- Could you describe each?arrow_forwardIndicate which of the following are true. Chronically shortened muscles will lose sarcomeres in series in order to maintain ideal amounts of myofilament overlap. Contractile force is proportional to the length of a muscle. Muscle organ contraction is all or nothing. Muscle cells are surrounded by an endomysium. Actin is the thick filament and Z-lines are where the cross-bridges zig-zag to adjacent actin filaments. Muscles with fewer motor units are weaker, i.e., capable of less force. A nerve impulse, calcium, and ATP are necessary for muscle contraction. Tendons attach bones to bones and help to limit the range of motion at joints. Muscle tissue is very dynamic and will respond to chronic stress by becoming stronger (making more myofilaments), chronic contraction by becoming shorter (losing sarcomeres in series), and stretching by becoming longer (adding sarcomeres in series). Myofilaments are actually long strands of proteins.arrow_forwardMuscles provide the force for moving body parts.arrow_forward
- The following are the basic steps of a muscle contraction: I. Neurotransmitters bind to receptors II. Myosin pulls on actin III. Ca2+ binds to troponin IV. Myosin binds to actin V. Myosin releases actin VI. Ca2+ is released/unbound Which of the following puts the steps above in the correct order?arrow_forwardYou are at the gym and doing strength training. You feel in good shape and should try to break personal records in squats. You place the bar on your back and begin to take in, that is, your motor neurons begin to send action potentials through all your motor units to the thigh muscles. What is the contraction called when you a) bend down and b) are in good shape and can generate more force than the bar weighs c) stay standing in one and the same position without being able to push yourself up in a standing position?arrow_forwardA motor unit is: A group of muscle cells wrapped in perimysium A group of muscles working in unison A group of muscle cells plus the 1 neuron that innervates them A group of sarcomeres contracting in unisonarrow_forward
- Describe each muscle needed to contract for specific movement and each muscles action during that action. Each muscle firing is it's own step. Something simple like kicking a ball is one action with multiple muscles firing it that action. You need at least 5 muscles involved in your action Example: Description: Picking up a glass of water. Muscles: Biceps, brachialis. Step 1: The brachialis has an origin at the humerus and inserts at the ulna. Contracting is a flexion action. Example: The [Muscle] has an origin at the [Bone] and inserts at the [Bone]. Contracting is a [Action] actionarrow_forwardHow are circular and oblique muscles different in terms of shape and function? How would I know if I was looking at a rectus or oblique muscle? What characteristics would I look for? Why can’t muscles move without calcium? What does calcium do to allow muscles to move? There are multiple possible answers. How are the fast twitch and slow twitch muscles different? Briefly describe each. Where can I find the fast twitch and the slow twitch muscles?arrow_forwardMuscular endurance is defined as the: O a) ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly over an extended period of time b) amount of force a muscle can produce with a single maximal effort O c) ability to move the joints through a full range of motion O d) amount of time required to contract a muscle completelyarrow_forward
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