Chapter 6, Problem 17MLM

Explanation of Solution

Problems of a traditional environment

• Traditional file management techniques make it difficult for organizations to keep track of all of the pieces of data they use in a systematic way and to organize these data so that they can be easily accessed.
• Different functional areas and groups were allowed to develop their own files independently.
• The five main problems of a traditional file environment include:
  • Data redundancy and inconsistency
  • Program-data dependence
  • Inflexibility
  • Poor security
  • Lack of data sharing and availability...