EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134608242
Author: BAUMAN
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6, Problem 14CT
Given that Haemophilus ducreyi is a chemoheterotrophic pathogen that requires heme as a growth factor, deduce how this bacterium phosphorylates most of its ADP to form ATP. Defend your answer.
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Overview of Transformation Protocol
-Prepare competent bacteria for transformation:
Treat starter E. coli bacteria with CaCl2and Competent Cell Solution (CCS). Store on ice until transformation procedure.
Competent cells are cells that are likely to take up foreign DNA and be transformed. This step increases the likelihood that the E. coli cells will take up the introduced vector and be transformed.
-Transformation procedure:
Obtain two microcentrifuge tubes containing your competent cells. Label one tube +DNA and one -DNA.
Add CaCl2 to both tubes.
Add the transformation mix containing the plasmid DNA to the tube labeled +DNA. Do not add any plasmid DNA to the -DNA tube.
Incubate both tubes on ice for 10 minutes. Then, place both tubes in a 42\deg C water bath for 45 seconds. Replace the tubes in an ice bucket for 2 minutes.
Add recovery broth to both tubes.
Incubate both tubes in a 37 C water bath for 5 minutes.
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purple after tetra-methyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (TMPD) is added. In the
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oxygen is terminal electron acceptor
OH2 produced is electron donor
Chapter 6 Solutions
EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
Ch. 6 - Why should cardiac nurses and respiratory...Ch. 6 - Cavities Gone Wild Five-year-old Daniel appears to...Ch. 6 - Why do clinical laboratory scientists keep many...Ch. 6 - Boils in the Locker Room For several weeks,...Ch. 6 - Some students transfer some gunk from a 2-week-old...Ch. 6 - Which of the following can grow in a Petri plate...Ch. 6 - In the laboratory, a sterile inoculating loop is...Ch. 6 - Superoxide dismutase _____________. a. causes...Ch. 6 - The most reactive of the four toxic forms of...Ch. 6 - Microaerophiles that grow best with a high...
Ch. 6 - Prob. 6MCCh. 6 - Organisms that preferentially may thrive in icy...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8MCCh. 6 - Which of the following terms best describes an...Ch. 6 - In a defined medium, ______________. a. the exact...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is most useful in...Ch. 6 - Which of the following methods is best for...Ch. 6 - A Coulter counter is a(n) ________________. a....Ch. 6 - Lyophilization can be described as ___________. a....Ch. 6 - Quorum sensing is _____________. a. the ability to...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 6 - Fill in the Blanks 6. Cells that shrink in...Ch. 6 - Fill in the Blanks 7. Obligate ________ exist in...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 6 - Fill in the Blanks 9. Microbes that reduce N2 to...Ch. 6 - Fill in the Blanks 10. A student observes a...Ch. 6 - Fill in the Blanks 11. Chemolithotrophs acquire...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1VICh. 6 - Prob. 2VICh. 6 - High temperature affects the shape of particular...Ch. 6 - Support or refute the following statement:...Ch. 6 - Explain quorum sensing, and describe how it is...Ch. 6 - Why must media, vessels, and instruments be...Ch. 6 - Why is agar used in microbiology?Ch. 6 - What is the difference between complex media and...Ch. 6 - Draw and label the four distinct phases of a...Ch. 6 - If there are 47 cells in 1 l of sewage, how many...Ch. 6 - Prob. 9SACh. 6 - Prob. 10SACh. 6 - Explain the differences among photoautotrophs,...Ch. 6 - Contrast the media described in Tables 6.3 and 6.4...Ch. 6 - How does a chemostat maintain a constant...Ch. 6 - A scientist describes an organism as a...Ch. 6 - Pasteurization is a technique that uses...Ch. 6 - Two cultures of a facultative anaerobe are grown...Ch. 6 - Some organisms require riboflavin (vitamin B2) to...Ch. 6 - A scientist inoculates a bacterium into a complex...Ch. 6 - How can regions within biofilms differ in their...Ch. 6 - A scientific article describes a bacterium as an...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8CTCh. 6 - Prob. 9CTCh. 6 - Starting with 10 bacterial cells per milliliter in...Ch. 6 - Suppose you perform a serial dilution of 0.1-ml...Ch. 6 - How might the study of biofilms benefit humans?Ch. 6 - The filamentous bacterium Beggiatoa gets its...Ch. 6 - Given that Haemophilus ducreyi is a...Ch. 6 - Examine the graph in Figure 6.3. Note that the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 16CTCh. 6 - Using the terms in Figure 6.8a, describe the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 18CTCh. 6 - Prob. 19CTCh. 6 - Prob. 20CTCh. 6 - Prob. 21CTCh. 6 - Prob. 22CTCh. 6 - Viable plate counts are used to estimate...Ch. 6 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
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- You will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. You have shipped your samples off for sequencing and are now waiting for the results. Out of curiosity (and maybe boredom...) you decide to test your culture for the Catalase and Oxidase enzymes. Upon testing your sample for catalase, you don't see any bubbles; however, you do see a color change to purple during the Oxidase test. What results can you conclude from this? O Catalase-/ Oxidase + O Catalase +/ Oxidase + Catalase + / Oxidase- O Catalase / Oxidase - O None of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a strength of using 16S rRNA for phylogenetic analyses? OA. It's cheap OB. It's easy to do C. It can be used to identify all the way down to the strain level OD. Both A & B OE. None of the abovearrow_forwardWhy are molecular approaches important to the field of microbial taxonomy and phylogeny? Phylogenetic inferences based on molecular approaches provide the most robust analysis of microbial evolution currently available. It allows for the collection of a large and accurate dataset from many organisms Almost no fossil record was left by microbes when compared to plants and animals All of the above None of the abovearrow_forward
- You will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. You have already cultured it and gone through the plate isolation procedure. Before you ship your samples off for sequencing, you want to do one final check of the A260 ratios. You get back the following ratios: A260/280 ratio is 1.89; A260/230 is 2.01. These ratios are close enough to the accepted "pure" values so they could be considered "pure" and mostly (if not completely) free of contaminants from the PCR process. True Falsearrow_forwardYou will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. After receiving your sequence back from the sequencing lab, you feel that you have, in fact, discovered and isolated a new species. You ask a fellow labmate about how you should proceed, and he tells you the following is the proper way to introduce a new species for recognition: Cultures have to be sent to international culture collections. Then a paper must be published describing the new organism and providing a genus and species name. You recall learning about this in your Microbiology course in college. Is this information from your colleague true or false? True Falsearrow_forwardis often a good indication of phylogenetic relatedness in phenotypes. Life-cycle patterns Cleavage patterns O Gene expression O Morphological similarityarrow_forward
- Which of the following is a weakness of using 16S rRNA for phylogenetic analyses? It can only go down to the family and genus levels It takes months to complete O Both of the above O None of the abovearrow_forwardAn unrooted tree containing ten unrelated species can become rooted by adding a descendant group related to two of the species. an unrelated outgroup. O a distantly related outgroup. O a descendant related to only one of the species.arrow_forwardWhat is the most appropriate purpose of building a phylogenetic tree? They look awesome You can use a tree to compare morphological characteristics of organisms It can be used to establish and analyze evolutionary relationships between species All of the abovearrow_forward
- Which of the following sequencing techniques can identify down to the strain level? O Multilocus sequence typing Genomic fingerprinting Whole genome sequencing OSNP analysis All of the abovearrow_forwardWhat is the "gold standard" that is currently applied to species designations in microbiology? 97% between species: 50% among whole genome 90% between species: 75% among whole genome 99% between species; 97% among whole genome 97% between species: 70% among whole genome Onone of the abovearrow_forwardYou will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. You have decided to send your sample off for sequencing. You need to determine which type of sequencing to use for the preliminary identification of your species. You decide that, for now, you only need to be able to identify the family and genus levels. Which type of sequencing do you think is the most appropriate? O Genomic Fingerprinting O Whole Genome Sequencing O 16S rDNA Sequencing O DNA-DNA hybridization Nextarrow_forward
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