General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259883989
Author: by Janice Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 5.4, Problem 5.10P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The species which are oxidizing agent the reducing agent are to be determined from the following reaction.
Concept introduction:
The reducing agent is that element which losses electrons by being oxidized.
The oxidizing agent is that element which gains electrons by the reduction process.
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 5 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
Ch. 5.1 - Use the molecular art to identify the process as a...Ch. 5.1 - Use the molecular art to identify the process as a...Ch. 5.1 - Label the reactants and products, and indicate how...Ch. 5.1 - One term in a balanced chemical equation contained...Ch. 5.2 - Write a balanced equation for each reaction....Ch. 5.2 - Write a balanced equation for the following...Ch. 5.2 - Write a balanced equation for the reaction of...Ch. 5.2 - Consider the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide...Ch. 5.2 - Balance each chemical equation. Al+H2SO4Al2(...Ch. 5.3 - Write a balanced equation for the reaction...
Ch. 5.3 - Classify each reaction as a combination or...Ch. 5.3 - Classify each reaction as a single replacement or...Ch. 5.3 - Classify each reaction as a combination,...Ch. 5.3 - Fill in the needed reactants or products for each...Ch. 5.4 - Identify the species that is oxidized and the...Ch. 5.4 - Identify the species that is oxidized and the...Ch. 5.4 - (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 5.10PCh. 5.5 - How many items are contained in one mole of (a)...Ch. 5.5 - How many carbon atoms are contained in each of the...Ch. 5.5 - How many molecules are contained in each of the...Ch. 5.5 - How many moles of water contain each of the...Ch. 5.6 - Calculate the formula weight of each ionic...Ch. 5.6 - The unmistakable odor of a freshly cut cucumber is...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 5.11PPCh. 5.6 - Calculate the number of grams contained in each of...Ch. 5.6 - How many moles are contained in each of the...Ch. 5.6 - How many moles are contained in a 1,000.-mg dose...Ch. 5.6 - How many molecules are contained in two 500.-mg...Ch. 5.7 - Use the balanced equation for the reaction of N2...Ch. 5.7 - Use the balanced equation in Sample Problem 5.15...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 5.16PPCh. 5.8 - Using the balanced equation for the combustion of...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 5.17PPCh. 5.8 - Use the balanced equation, N2+O22NO, to answer the...Ch. 5.9 - What is the percent yield of X in a reaction that...Ch. 5.9 - Using the chemical equation in Sample Problem...Ch. 5.9 - Using the equation in Sample Problem 5.20, answer...Ch. 5.9 - The synthetic antiviral drug Tamiflu, currently...Ch. 5.10 - Consider the reaction of hydrogen and nitrogen to...Ch. 5.10 - Using the balanced equation for the reaction of H2...Ch. 5.10 - Using the balanced equation, 3H2(g)+N2(g)2NH3(g),...Ch. 5.10 - Using Sample Problem 5.21 as a guide, complete the...Ch. 5.10 - Using the balanced equation, N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g),...Ch. 5.10 - Prob. 5.24PPCh. 5 - Prob. 23PCh. 5 - Prob. 24PCh. 5 - How many atoms of each element are drawn on each...Ch. 5 - How many atoms of each element are drawn on each...Ch. 5 - Use the molecular art to write a balanced equation...Ch. 5 - Use the molecular art to write a balanced equation...Ch. 5 - Use the molecular art to write a balanced equation...Ch. 5 - Some coal is high in sulfur (S) content, and when...Ch. 5 - Balance each equation. a....Ch. 5 - Balance each equation. a....Ch. 5 - Prob. 33PCh. 5 - Prob. 34PCh. 5 - Prob. 35PCh. 5 - Prob. 36PCh. 5 - For the reaction depicted in the molecular art:...Ch. 5 - Answer the questions in Problem 5.37 for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 39PCh. 5 - Prob. 40PCh. 5 - Classify the reaction depicted in the molecular...Ch. 5 - Classify the reaction depicted in the molecular...Ch. 5 - Classify each reaction as combination,...Ch. 5 - Classify each reaction as combination,...Ch. 5 - Fill in the needed reactant or product for each of...Ch. 5 - Fill in the needed reactant or product for each of...Ch. 5 - Identify the species that is oxidized and the...Ch. 5 - Identify the species that is oxidized and the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 49PCh. 5 - Rechargeablenickel-cadmium batteries are used in...Ch. 5 - The reaction of hydrogen (H2) with acetylene...Ch. 5 - Prob. 52PCh. 5 - Calculate the formula weight and molar mass of...Ch. 5 - Calculate the formula weight and molar mass of...Ch. 5 - L-Dopa is a drug used to treat Parkinson’s...Ch. 5 - Niacin, vitamin B3, is found in soybeans, which...Ch. 5 - Which quantity has the greater mass? 1 mol of Fe...Ch. 5 - Prob. 58PCh. 5 - Mescaline is a hallucinogen in peyote, a cactus...Ch. 5 - Prob. 60PCh. 5 - How many grams are contained in 5.00 mol of each...Ch. 5 - How many grams are contained in 0.50 mol of each...Ch. 5 - A bottle of the pain reliever ibuprofen (C13H18O2,...Ch. 5 - One dose of Maalox contains 500. mg each of...Ch. 5 - How many moles are contained in each number of...Ch. 5 - How many moles are contained in each number of...Ch. 5 - How many molecules of butane (C4H10) are contained...Ch. 5 - Prob. 68PCh. 5 - The average nicotine (C10H14N2, molar mass 162.3...Ch. 5 - How many moles of sucrose...Ch. 5 - What is the mass in grams of each quantity of...Ch. 5 - What is the mass in grams of each quantity of...Ch. 5 - Using the balanced equation for the combustion of...Ch. 5 - Sodium metal (Na) reacts violently when added to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 75PCh. 5 - Using the balanced equation for the reaction of Na...Ch. 5 - What is the percent yield of B in a reaction that...Ch. 5 - What is the percent yield of B in a reaction that...Ch. 5 - The reaction of methane (CH4) with Cl2forms...Ch. 5 - Methanol (CH4O), which is used as a fuel in...Ch. 5 - Consider the given reaction mixture that contains...Ch. 5 - Consider the reaction of A2 and B2 to form A2B,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 83PCh. 5 - Consider the reaction with the balanced equation,...Ch. 5 - Using the balanced equation, 2NO+O22NO2, determine...Ch. 5 - Prob. 86PCh. 5 - Prob. 87PCh. 5 - Completer the followin table using the given...Ch. 5 - The local anesthetic ethyl chloride...Ch. 5 - The solvent dischloromethane...Ch. 5 - Answer the following questions about the...Ch. 5 - Answer the following questions about diethyl ether...Ch. 5 - Prob. 93PCh. 5 - Prob. 94PCh. 5 - Prob. 95PCh. 5 - Prob. 96PCh. 5 - TCDD, also called dioxin...Ch. 5 - Prob. 98CP
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