EBK BIOLOGY
4th Edition
ISBN: 8220102797376
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: YUZU
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Question
Chapter 53, Problem 3CQ
Summary Introduction
To explain: The basic structure of an immunoglobulin, and the way in which the structure of an immunoglobulin relates to its ability to recognize a specific antigen
Introduction: The body contains a well-defined immunity system to protect itself from harmful pathogens. The harmful pathogens that attack the body are termed as antigen. However, the body produces certain cells to protect it from the invading pathogens. These cells are termed as antibodies. The antibodies are also referred to as immunoglobulin. They play a crucial role in immunity system as they have the capability to kill the invading pathogens.
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Describe the typical shape and structure of an antibody. Distinguish between antibodies and antigens. Be able to draw an antibody and label the variable (antigen-binding) region and the control region. What results in the specificity of an antibody (i.e. one antibody can bind only one particular antigen)? Which type of lymphocyte makes antibodies?
Explain the structure of an immunoglobulin.
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Distinguish between innate immunity and adaptive immunity.
Describe the various cells and organs that constitute the immune
system.
Discuss the white blood cell count differential and its role in diagnosing
infectious disease.
Describe the physical and chemical barriers to infection.
Explain the basic roles of SALT, GALT, MALT and M cells in innate
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Chapter 53 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
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- Neutralizing antibodies are effective at preventing infection or toxicity mediated by pathogens or their toxic products. In fact, nearly all vaccines currently in use function by eliciting neutralizing antibodies. One example is the tetanus vaccine, in which neutralizing antibodies are generated against an inactivated form of the tetanus toxin (the tetanus toxoid). The most important feature of a neutralizing antibody is having high affinity for the antigen. being efficient at activating the complement cascade. having a high degree of multivalency, such as being a pentamer or hexamer of immunoglobulin monomers. being present at a high concentration in the circulation. 0 0 0 0arrow_forwardHow are antibodies unique? Please discuss the structure of an antibody. What are the V and C regions? Discuss how the few hundred genes involved are capable of making endless amounts of antibodies. Besides medical treatment what is another way antibodies can be used?arrow_forwardIt is often helpful to draw a complicated pathway in the form of a flow chart to visualize the multiple steps and the ways in which the steps are connected to each other. Draw the antibody-mediated immune response pathway that acts in response to an invading virus.arrow_forward
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