Kepler’s first law states that the planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus. The closest point of a planetary orbit to the Sun is called the perihelion (for Earth, it currently occurs around January 3) and the farthest point is called the aphelion (for Earth, it currently occurs around July 4). Kepler's second law states that planets sweep out equal areas of their elliptical orbits in equal times. Thus, the two arcs indicated in die following figure are swept out in equal times. At what time of year is Earth moving fastest in its orbit? When is it moving slowest?
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CALCULUS,VOLUME 1 (OER)
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