The outcome of results of the experiment on relationships between the number of fish species and the species diversity of the corals in their respective habitats. Also, explain the way in which this knowledge would help in maintaining the coral reef ecosystem under threat. Given: Figure 1 shows the study area of the experiment in the Indo-pacific region with high coral reef species. The three sites are Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea (PNG), Moorea Island in French Polynesia, and Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef on the east coast of Australia. Figure 1: Experimental sites across the Indo-pacific region. Graph 1 shows the results of the number of the fish species found in the coral species region. A relationship was established between the index of sensitivity and the number of coral species. Graph 1: Relationship between the index of sensitivity and number of coral species. Introduction: An experiment was conducted in the three islands, Kimbe Bay (highest fish diversity), Moorea island (lowest number of fish species), and Lizard island (with an intermediate number of fish species). In the experiment, the coral diversity was manipulated and associated fish species were counted during a 12-month period. Based on this experiment, an index of sensitivity was calculated to evaluate the relationship among the number of coral species and the number of associated fish species that inhabited in the plots.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 53, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The outcome of results of the experiment on relationships between the number of fish species and the species diversity of the corals in their respective habitats. Also, explain the way in which this knowledge would help in maintaining the coral reef ecosystem under threat.

Given:

Figure 1 shows the study area of the experiment in the Indo-pacific region with high coral reef species. The three sites are Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea (PNG), Moorea Island in French Polynesia, and Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef on the east coast of Australia.

Figure 1: Experimental sites across the Indo-pacific region.

Graph 1 shows the results of the number of the fish species found in the coral species region. A relationship was established between the index of sensitivity and the number of coral species.

Graph 1: Relationship between the index of sensitivity and number of coral species.

Introduction:

An experiment was conducted in the three islands, Kimbe Bay (highest fish diversity), Moorea island (lowest number of fish species), and Lizard island (with an intermediate number of fish species). In the experiment, the coral diversity was manipulated and associated fish species were counted during a 12-month period. Based on this experiment, an index of sensitivity was calculated to evaluate the relationship among the number of coral species and the number of associated fish species that inhabited in the plots.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Corals are coelenterate, which is composed of thin layers of calcium carbonate that is secreted over time by coral polyps. Polyps witness a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae. Coral reef ecosystem is the most diverse ecosystem on the earth. It is made up of corals, sponges, molluscs, Fish, sea turtles, dolphins, sharks, and many other aquatic organisms. Corals and fishes have a symbiotic relationship where many fishes depend on corals for their food and habitat whereas the corals depend on grazing by certain fishes for reproduction.

The results suggest that fishes at the Kimbe Bay Island were more sensitive to changes in the number of coral species and they were expected to undergo local extinctions. This happens because the fish species diversity is more in this region. On the other hand, Moorea island, which inhabited fewer number fishes, were not much sensitive to changes in the number of coral species.

These results might be useful in preserving the coral reefs, which inhabit a large number of fish species. As the fishes and simultaneously the coral reefs in the Kimbe Bay are sensitive to any changes, they might face extinction threats from the activities of the nearby human population. Thus, the ecologists must give special attention to this region (Kimbe Bay) while laying down protective guidelines for the coral reefs all across the globe.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that decline in the number of fish diversity is directly proportional to the decrease in the coral species. This can help the marine biologists to pay special attention to the sensitive regions of coral diversity.

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1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine: (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip MAKE SURE ANSWERS HAVE UNITS if appropriate. SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution.

2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0 Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present. Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…

The current nutrition labelling regulation in Hong Kong requires food manufacturer to list E+7 information on the package of pre-packaged food products. Do you think that more nutrients, such as calcium and cholesterol, shall be included?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 53, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The outcome of results of the experiment on relationships between the number of fish species and the species diversity of the corals in their respective habitats. Also, explain the way in which this knowledge would help in maintaining the coral reef ecosystem under threat.

Given:

Figure 1 shows the study area of the experiment in the Indo-pacific region with high coral reef species. The three sites are Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea (PNG), Moorea Island in French Polynesia, and Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef on the east coast of Australia.

Figure 1: Experimental sites across the Indo-pacific region.

Graph 1 shows the results of the number of the fish species found in the coral species region. A relationship was established between the index of sensitivity and the number of coral species.

Graph 1: Relationship between the index of sensitivity and number of coral species.

Introduction:

An experiment was conducted in the three islands, Kimbe Bay (highest fish diversity), Moorea island (lowest number of fish species), and Lizard island (with an intermediate number of fish species). In the experiment, the coral diversity was manipulated and associated fish species were counted during a 12-month period. Based on this experiment, an index of sensitivity was calculated to evaluate the relationship among the number of coral species and the number of associated fish species that inhabited in the plots.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Corals are coelenterate, which is composed of thin layers of calcium carbonate that is secreted over time by coral polyps. Polyps witness a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae. Coral reef ecosystem is the most diverse ecosystem on the earth. It is made up of corals, sponges, molluscs, Fish, sea turtles, dolphins, sharks, and many other aquatic organisms. Corals and fishes have a symbiotic relationship where many fishes depend on corals for their food and habitat whereas the corals depend on grazing by certain fishes for reproduction.

The results suggest that fishes at the Kimbe Bay Island were more sensitive to changes in the number of coral species and they were expected to undergo local extinctions. This happens because the fish species diversity is more in this region. On the other hand, Moorea island, which inhabited fewer number fishes, were not much sensitive to changes in the number of coral species.

These results might be useful in preserving the coral reefs, which inhabit a large number of fish species. As the fishes and simultaneously the coral reefs in the Kimbe Bay are sensitive to any changes, they might face extinction threats from the activities of the nearby human population. Thus, the ecologists must give special attention to this region (Kimbe Bay) while laying down protective guidelines for the coral reefs all across the globe.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that decline in the number of fish diversity is directly proportional to the decrease in the coral species. This can help the marine biologists to pay special attention to the sensitive regions of coral diversity.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 53, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The outcome of results of the experiment on relationships between the number of fish species and the species diversity of the corals in their respective habitats. Also, explain the way in which this knowledge would help in maintaining the coral reef ecosystem under threat.

Given:

Figure 1 shows the study area of the experiment in the Indo-pacific region with high coral reef species. The three sites are Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea (PNG), Moorea Island in French Polynesia, and Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef on the east coast of Australia.

Figure 1: Experimental sites across the Indo-pacific region.

Graph 1 shows the results of the number of the fish species found in the coral species region. A relationship was established between the index of sensitivity and the number of coral species.

Graph 1: Relationship between the index of sensitivity and number of coral species.

Introduction:

An experiment was conducted in the three islands, Kimbe Bay (highest fish diversity), Moorea island (lowest number of fish species), and Lizard island (with an intermediate number of fish species). In the experiment, the coral diversity was manipulated and associated fish species were counted during a 12-month period. Based on this experiment, an index of sensitivity was calculated to evaluate the relationship among the number of coral species and the number of associated fish species that inhabited in the plots.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Corals are coelenterate, which is composed of thin layers of calcium carbonate that is secreted over time by coral polyps. Polyps witness a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae. Coral reef ecosystem is the most diverse ecosystem on the earth. It is made up of corals, sponges, molluscs, Fish, sea turtles, dolphins, sharks, and many other aquatic organisms. Corals and fishes have a symbiotic relationship where many fishes depend on corals for their food and habitat whereas the corals depend on grazing by certain fishes for reproduction.

The results suggest that fishes at the Kimbe Bay Island were more sensitive to changes in the number of coral species and they were expected to undergo local extinctions. This happens because the fish species diversity is more in this region. On the other hand, Moorea island, which inhabited fewer number fishes, were not much sensitive to changes in the number of coral species.

These results might be useful in preserving the coral reefs, which inhabit a large number of fish species. As the fishes and simultaneously the coral reefs in the Kimbe Bay are sensitive to any changes, they might face extinction threats from the activities of the nearby human population. Thus, the ecologists must give special attention to this region (Kimbe Bay) while laying down protective guidelines for the coral reefs all across the globe.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that decline in the number of fish diversity is directly proportional to the decrease in the coral species. This can help the marine biologists to pay special attention to the sensitive regions of coral diversity.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 53, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The outcome of results of the experiment on relationships between the number of fish species and the species diversity of the corals in their respective habitats. Also, explain the way in which this knowledge would help in maintaining the coral reef ecosystem under threat.

Given:

Figure 1 shows the study area of the experiment in the Indo-pacific region with high coral reef species. The three sites are Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea (PNG), Moorea Island in French Polynesia, and Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef on the east coast of Australia.

Figure 1: Experimental sites across the Indo-pacific region.

Graph 1 shows the results of the number of the fish species found in the coral species region. A relationship was established between the index of sensitivity and the number of coral species.

Graph 1: Relationship between the index of sensitivity and number of coral species.

Introduction:

An experiment was conducted in the three islands, Kimbe Bay (highest fish diversity), Moorea island (lowest number of fish species), and Lizard island (with an intermediate number of fish species). In the experiment, the coral diversity was manipulated and associated fish species were counted during a 12-month period. Based on this experiment, an index of sensitivity was calculated to evaluate the relationship among the number of coral species and the number of associated fish species that inhabited in the plots.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Corals are coelenterate, which is composed of thin layers of calcium carbonate that is secreted over time by coral polyps. Polyps witness a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae. Coral reef ecosystem is the most diverse ecosystem on the earth. It is made up of corals, sponges, molluscs, Fish, sea turtles, dolphins, sharks, and many other aquatic organisms. Corals and fishes have a symbiotic relationship where many fishes depend on corals for their food and habitat whereas the corals depend on grazing by certain fishes for reproduction.

The results suggest that fishes at the Kimbe Bay Island were more sensitive to changes in the number of coral species and they were expected to undergo local extinctions. This happens because the fish species diversity is more in this region. On the other hand, Moorea island, which inhabited fewer number fishes, were not much sensitive to changes in the number of coral species.

These results might be useful in preserving the coral reefs, which inhabit a large number of fish species. As the fishes and simultaneously the coral reefs in the Kimbe Bay are sensitive to any changes, they might face extinction threats from the activities of the nearby human population. Thus, the ecologists must give special attention to this region (Kimbe Bay) while laying down protective guidelines for the coral reefs all across the globe.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that decline in the number of fish diversity is directly proportional to the decrease in the coral species. This can help the marine biologists to pay special attention to the sensitive regions of coral diversity.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 53, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The outcome of results of the experiment on relationships between the number of fish species and the species diversity of the corals in their respective habitats. Also, explain the way in which this knowledge would help in maintaining the coral reef ecosystem under threat.

Given:

Figure 1 shows the study area of the experiment in the Indo-pacific region with high coral reef species. The three sites are Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea (PNG), Moorea Island in French Polynesia, and Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef on the east coast of Australia.

Figure 1: Experimental sites across the Indo-pacific region.

Graph 1 shows the results of the number of the fish species found in the coral species region. A relationship was established between the index of sensitivity and the number of coral species.

Graph 1: Relationship between the index of sensitivity and number of coral species.

Introduction:

An experiment was conducted in the three islands, Kimbe Bay (highest fish diversity), Moorea island (lowest number of fish species), and Lizard island (with an intermediate number of fish species). In the experiment, the coral diversity was manipulated and associated fish species were counted during a 12-month period. Based on this experiment, an index of sensitivity was calculated to evaluate the relationship among the number of coral species and the number of associated fish species that inhabited in the plots.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Corals are coelenterate, which is composed of thin layers of calcium carbonate that is secreted over time by coral polyps. Polyps witness a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae. Coral reef ecosystem is the most diverse ecosystem on the earth. It is made up of corals, sponges, molluscs, Fish, sea turtles, dolphins, sharks, and many other aquatic organisms. Corals and fishes have a symbiotic relationship where many fishes depend on corals for their food and habitat whereas the corals depend on grazing by certain fishes for reproduction.

The results suggest that fishes at the Kimbe Bay Island were more sensitive to changes in the number of coral species and they were expected to undergo local extinctions. This happens because the fish species diversity is more in this region. On the other hand, Moorea island, which inhabited fewer number fishes, were not much sensitive to changes in the number of coral species.

These results might be useful in preserving the coral reefs, which inhabit a large number of fish species. As the fishes and simultaneously the coral reefs in the Kimbe Bay are sensitive to any changes, they might face extinction threats from the activities of the nearby human population. Thus, the ecologists must give special attention to this region (Kimbe Bay) while laying down protective guidelines for the coral reefs all across the globe.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that decline in the number of fish diversity is directly proportional to the decrease in the coral species. This can help the marine biologists to pay special attention to the sensitive regions of coral diversity.

Answer 6

Chapter 53, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The outcome of results of the experiment on relationships between the number of fish species and the species diversity of the corals in their respective habitats. Also, explain the way in which this knowledge would help in maintaining the coral reef ecosystem under threat.

Given:

Figure 1 shows the study area of the experiment in the Indo-pacific region with high coral reef species. The three sites are Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea (PNG), Moorea Island in French Polynesia, and Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef on the east coast of Australia.

Figure 1: Experimental sites across the Indo-pacific region.

Graph 1 shows the results of the number of the fish species found in the coral species region. A relationship was established between the index of sensitivity and the number of coral species.

Graph 1: Relationship between the index of sensitivity and number of coral species.

Introduction:

An experiment was conducted in the three islands, Kimbe Bay (highest fish diversity), Moorea island (lowest number of fish species), and Lizard island (with an intermediate number of fish species). In the experiment, the coral diversity was manipulated and associated fish species were counted during a 12-month period. Based on this experiment, an index of sensitivity was calculated to evaluate the relationship among the number of coral species and the number of associated fish species that inhabited in the plots.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Corals are coelenterate, which is composed of thin layers of calcium carbonate that is secreted over time by coral polyps. Polyps witness a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae. Coral reef ecosystem is the most diverse ecosystem on the earth. It is made up of corals, sponges, molluscs, Fish, sea turtles, dolphins, sharks, and many other aquatic organisms. Corals and fishes have a symbiotic relationship where many fishes depend on corals for their food and habitat whereas the corals depend on grazing by certain fishes for reproduction.

The results suggest that fishes at the Kimbe Bay Island were more sensitive to changes in the number of coral species and they were expected to undergo local extinctions. This happens because the fish species diversity is more in this region. On the other hand, Moorea island, which inhabited fewer number fishes, were not much sensitive to changes in the number of coral species.

These results might be useful in preserving the coral reefs, which inhabit a large number of fish species. As the fishes and simultaneously the coral reefs in the Kimbe Bay are sensitive to any changes, they might face extinction threats from the activities of the nearby human population. Thus, the ecologists must give special attention to this region (Kimbe Bay) while laying down protective guidelines for the coral reefs all across the globe.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that decline in the number of fish diversity is directly proportional to the decrease in the coral species. This can help the marine biologists to pay special attention to the sensitive regions of coral diversity.

Answer 7

Chapter 53, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The outcome of results of the experiment on relationships between the number of fish species and the species diversity of the corals in their respective habitats. Also, explain the way in which this knowledge would help in maintaining the coral reef ecosystem under threat.

Given:

Figure 1 shows the study area of the experiment in the Indo-pacific region with high coral reef species. The three sites are Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea (PNG), Moorea Island in French Polynesia, and Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef on the east coast of Australia.

Figure 1: Experimental sites across the Indo-pacific region.

Graph 1 shows the results of the number of the fish species found in the coral species region. A relationship was established between the index of sensitivity and the number of coral species.

Graph 1: Relationship between the index of sensitivity and number of coral species.

Introduction:

An experiment was conducted in the three islands, Kimbe Bay (highest fish diversity), Moorea island (lowest number of fish species), and Lizard island (with an intermediate number of fish species). In the experiment, the coral diversity was manipulated and associated fish species were counted during a 12-month period. Based on this experiment, an index of sensitivity was calculated to evaluate the relationship among the number of coral species and the number of associated fish species that inhabited in the plots.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Corals are coelenterate, which is composed of thin layers of calcium carbonate that is secreted over time by coral polyps. Polyps witness a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae. Coral reef ecosystem is the most diverse ecosystem on the earth. It is made up of corals, sponges, molluscs, Fish, sea turtles, dolphins, sharks, and many other aquatic organisms. Corals and fishes have a symbiotic relationship where many fishes depend on corals for their food and habitat whereas the corals depend on grazing by certain fishes for reproduction.

The results suggest that fishes at the Kimbe Bay Island were more sensitive to changes in the number of coral species and they were expected to undergo local extinctions. This happens because the fish species diversity is more in this region. On the other hand, Moorea island, which inhabited fewer number fishes, were not much sensitive to changes in the number of coral species.

These results might be useful in preserving the coral reefs, which inhabit a large number of fish species. As the fishes and simultaneously the coral reefs in the Kimbe Bay are sensitive to any changes, they might face extinction threats from the activities of the nearby human population. Thus, the ecologists must give special attention to this region (Kimbe Bay) while laying down protective guidelines for the coral reefs all across the globe.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that decline in the number of fish diversity is directly proportional to the decrease in the coral species. This can help the marine biologists to pay special attention to the sensitive regions of coral diversity.

Answer 12

Ch. 53.1 - Prob. 1R Ch. 53.1 - Prob. 2R Ch. 53.2 - Prob. 1R Ch. 53.2 - Prob. 2R Ch. 53.2 - Prob. 3R Ch. 53.2 - Prob. 4R Ch. 53.3 - Prob. 1R Ch. 53.3 - Prob. 2R Ch. 53.4 - Prob. 1R Ch. 53.4 - Prob. 2R

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