Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780133922851
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 52.1, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? → Changes in Earth's climate at the end of the last ice age happened gradually, taking centuries to thousands of years. If the current global warming happens very quickly, as predicted, how may this rapid climate change affect the evolution of long-lived trees compared with that of annual plants, which have much shorter generation times?
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What do these results suggest about the manner in which climate change can affect biodiversity and evolution?
CONTEXT
The earth is comprised of many different life forms, including plants, animals, humans, and
other organisms. These various life forms are highly interdependent and have formed important
systems that continually reshape the planet's landscapes, oceans, and atmospheres.
Booming human population growth over the last two centuries has put, and continues to put,
many of these life-sustaining systems out of balance and in serious jeopardy, endangering many of
the plant and animal species that human beings directly and indirectly depend upon for long-term
survival.
Bigger human populations naturally mean increases in human activities worldwide, leading to
changes in landscapes, oceans, atmospheres, and the path of human history. For example, as noted
in the benchmark of this lesson, human activities like reducing the amount of forest cover, increasing
the amount and variety of chemicals released into the atmosphere, and intensive farming, have
changed the earth's land, oceans, and…
11 Scientists have studied the return of plant life on
Mount St. Helens ever since the volcano erupted
in 1980. Wildflowers began colonizing the area,
followed by shrubs and small trees. Scientists
predict that it will likely take hundreds of years
before the area returns to a forest dominated
by fir and hemlock trees. These changes are an
example of
(1) humans degrading an ecosystem by remov-
ing wildflowers
(2) the loss of genetic variation in a plant species
(3) the growth of a forest through ecological
succession
(4) the biological evolution of wildflowers,
shrubs, and trees
Chapter 52 Solutions
Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
Ch. 52.1 - Explain how the sun's unequal heating of Earth's...Ch. 52.1 - What are some of the differences in microclimate...Ch. 52.1 - WHAT IF? Changes in Earth's climate at the end of...Ch. 52.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Focusing just on the effects of...Ch. 52.2 - Based on the climograph in Figure 52.10, what...Ch. 52.2 - Using Figure 52.12, identify the natural biome in...Ch. 52.2 - WHAT IF? If global warming increases average...Ch. 52.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 52.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 52.3 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 52.4 - Give examples of human actions that could expand a...Ch. 52.4 - WHAT IF? You suspect that deer are restricting...Ch. 52.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 52 - Suppose global air circulation suddenly reversed,...Ch. 52 - Prob. 52.2CRCh. 52 - Prob. 52.3CRCh. 52 - Interactions between organisms and the environment...Ch. 52 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. Which of the...Ch. 52 - Which lake zone would be absent in a very shallow...Ch. 52 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 52 - Which of the following is characteristic of most...Ch. 52 - The oceans affect the biosphere in all of the...Ch. 52 - Which statement about dispersal is false? (A)...Ch. 52 - When climbing a mountain, we can observe...Ch. 52 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 52 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 52 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 52 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 52 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Jens Clausen and colleagues, at...Ch. 52 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Global warming...Ch. 52 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE If you were to hike up...
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- If only one half of the flora in the world existed in 2110 (perhaps due to deforestation), what do you predict the atmospheric carbon level would be ? How would you change the simulation to reflect this? What is the relationship between increased carbon in the ocean and increased carbon in the soil? How else might carbon be transferred to soil? Using the data generated by the simulation, determine the mathematical relationship between the percentage increase in fossil fuel consumption and the increase in atmospheric carbon. Is the relationship linear?arrow_forwardAnswer question 6arrow_forwardScientists have studied plant populations that have moved into areaswith low herbivory compared to the plant’s previous habitat. Aftermany generations in the new habitat, the plants produce fewerdefensive chemicals and grow larger than plants in the ancestralpopulation. How does natural selection explain these observations?(Hint: Producing defensive chemicals uses energy.)arrow_forward
- Course: Botany In stable populations, ones that are neither increasing nor decreasing in abundance (e.g., there are a million trees now and there will be a million trees a thousand years from now), about how many of a plant’s seeds survive and grow to adulthood, being able to replace it when it dies? If during the plant’s lifetime it produces 100,000 seeds, how many do not survive, do not grow, and cannot replace it when it dies. (Hint: Do not think of humans, as we are an increasing population, not a stable one. Almost all our children survive, but that is not true of any other species.) Answer and explain briefly.arrow_forwardEcologyarrow_forwardINTERPRET DATA Examine Figure 56-24. How many of the sampled species are found in the nonserpentine soil? in the serpentine soil? in the ecotone? What generalization about ecotones do these data support? RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The various plant species found in the two communities (yellow and blue) and in the ecotone between them (green) are shown in the graph. The ecotone had a greater richness than either adjoining community. SOURCE: Modified from C.D. White, VegetationSoil Chemistry Correlations in Serpentine Ecosystems, Ph.D. dissertation (University of Oregon, Eugene, 1971). Reprinted with permission of Dr. Charles D. White. Figure 56-24 Ecotones and species richness Note that the two fescues in the figure are different species.arrow_forward
- Question:- In the example of the Eastern US deciduous forest ecosystem, based on observed tropic relationships between species,--------------- are---------------and---------------is a ------------------------. Select one or more: (a)Eastern cottontails, primary consumers; Red fox, secondary consumer. (b)worms, scavengers; Deer mouse, carnivore (c)Grey squirrels, herbivores; Red tailed hawk, omnivore (d) White oaks, primary producers; White tailed deer, secondary consumer (e)mosquitos, parasites, Barred owl, apex predatorarrow_forwardi beg please helppparrow_forwardIf New York experiences drought conditions during April, May, and June 2022, how would you expect local tree rings to differ compared to rings made in 2021 (which had normal rainfall)? Early wood cells would be larger in 2022, creating thicker rings Late wood cells would be larger in 2022, creating thicker rings Early wood cells would be smaller in 2022, creating thinner rings Late wood cells would be smaller in 2022, creating thinner rings Rings would be similar both years as water amount has little effect during spring and early summerarrow_forward
- Number answers only thanksarrow_forwardA. What challenges face the next Green Revolution? B. What is Marker Assisted Breeding? C. Most of the improvement in agricultural crop yields has been through inputs: getting more fertilizer to the plant, decreasing weeds, spacing, reducing loss from pests and local environmental changes. But the next big engineering feat will be with the plant molecular pathways themselves, in particular, photosynthesis. The article refers to C3 and C4 plants. What are plant geneticists trying to accomplish? D. What is the #1 seller at Wal-Mart?arrow_forwardUnder similar environmental condition and considering the ultimate role of stomata in transpiration, which of the following plant species will likely release the largest amount of water vapor in the atmosphere? Plant Species II Plant Species III Plant Species I Plant Species IVarrow_forward
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