Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 52, Problem 5TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The body contains a well-defined system to protect itself from infections and harmful agents. This system is known as the immunity system. The two types of immunity systems are innate and adaptive immunity. The immunity that an organism contains from the time of birth is called innate immunity. However, the immunity that the organism acquires during its lifetime is called adaptive immunity.
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CHAPTER 20
The Lymphatic System and Immunity
Matching
SECTION 3 Revie w
Match each lettered term with the most closely related description.
a. opsonization
1
b. helper T cells
Two parallel pairs of polypeptide chains
Found on helper T cells
C. antibody
d. class II MHC
3
Active and passive
4 Transfer of antibodies
e. costimulation
Attacked by HIV
f. IgM
6 Enhances phagocytosis
g. class I MHC
h. IgG
7 MHC proteins present in the plasma
membranes of all nucleated cells
i. passive immunity
j. anaphylaxis
8
Differentiate into memory and plasma cells
9
MHC proteins present in the plasma
membranes of all APCS and lymphocytes
9
k. CD4 markers
10
I. acquired immunity
10 Antibodies used to determine blood type
11
m. B lymphocytes
11 Secondary binding process required for T cell activation
12
12 Accounts for 80 percent of all immunoglobulins
13
13 Circulating allergen stimulates mast cells throughout body
Match each lettered term with the
B cells that produce and release large amounts of antibody are called:
a. Memory cells
b. Basophils
c. Plasma cells
d. Killer cells
e. Neutrophils
All of the following are properties of B-1 cells except
a. They exhibit polyspecificity.
b. They arise during fetal development.
c. They express CD5 on their cell surface.
d. They are commonly associated with the cause of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
e. They have extensive N nucleotide diversity in VDJ junctions.
Chapter 52 Solutions
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- which two of following statements are true for an antigen prsent cell such as dendritic cell? a. Phagocytes are extra cellular pathogens b. Display processed pathoic peptide on the surface of the cell c. Produce antibodies specific for a pathogen d. Activate naive erythrocytesarrow_forwardExplain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. Which statement is true about T cells? a. They usually directly recognize antigens, which then activates a subpopulation of killer cells b. Their proliferation is enhanced by interleukins 1 and 2. c. Once activated, they cannot secrete cytokines. d. They will develop into cytotoxic T cells if antigen is complexed with class II MHC proteins.arrow_forwardWhich of the following explains why dendritic cells, but not macrophages or B cells, contribute to the activation of naive T cells? a. Macrophages and B cells do not express MHC class II molecules until they are activated. b. Dendritic cells upregulate B7 after engaging innate immunity receptors at sites of infection. c. Dendritic cells express higher levels of CTLA4. d. Macrophages and B cells do not process antigen. e. Dendritic cells use Toll-like receptors to hold antigen in place for extended periods of time.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is part of the second line of defense against pathogens?a. skin b. mucus membranesc. lysozyme in tears d. phagocytes Which of the following does NOT have MHC class II molecules on the surface of their cell membranes? a. Macrophages.b. Dendritic cells.c. B cells.d. Helper T cells.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is both a phagocyte and an antigen-presenting cell? a. NK cell b. eosinophil c. neutrophil d. macrophagearrow_forwardWhich of the following cells are primarily targeted by HIV?a. Nerve cells.b. Helper T celIs.c. Phagocytes.d. Cytotoxic T cells.arrow_forward
- Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a. plasma cell: mediation of phagocytosis and killing of microorganisms in the plasma b. megakaryocyte: formation of platelets c. dendritic cell: activation of adaptive immune responses d. natural killer cell: develops from a common lymphoid progenitor e. neutrophil: formation of pus f. regulatory T cell: inhibition of T-cell activity.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true for antigen presentation. a. Antigen presentation means that other cells attach the pathogen first and present it to T cells. b. Antigen-presenting cells display protein fragments, resulting from the digestion of the pathogen, in complex with MHC receptor to B cells c. Antigen presenting cells display protein fragments, resulting from the digestion of the pathogen, in complex with MHC receptor on their surface. d. Antigen-presenting cells are phagocytic cells e. Antigen presentation is required for T cell activation f. Cytokines released by macrophages are required for T cell activation g. T cell receptors recognize the MHC receptors in complex with antigen fragments displayed by antigen-presenting cells. h. Phagocytic cells are involved in innate immunity. Therefore they have no role in T-cell activationarrow_forwardSuppose a person recovers normally from viral infections, but then gets the same viral infections over and over again- unlike the rest of us. A. What is probably wrong –B cells, helper T cells and/or cytotoxic T cells? B. Should this person be at a higher risk of cancer than the rest of us? C. Should this person be able to lyse bacterial cells as well as the rest of us? D. Should this person tolerate a graft (from an unreated person) better than you are me?arrow_forward
- The detrimental effects of Lupus erythematosis are initiated by A. activated T cells attacking myelin B. immune complexes lodging in capillaries C. lack of activated CD4+ cellsarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding memory B cells? a. Memory B cells express high levels of FcyRIIB1. b. Memory B cells differentiate into plasma cells more rapidly than do naive B cells. Oc. In secondary responses, the number of pathogen-specific B cells is increased compared to a primary response. d. The sensitivity of memory B cells is improved compared with naive B cells because affinity maturation has occurred. e. Memory B cells are maintained for life.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a function of antibodies? Select one: a. They neutralize pathogens by masking the pathogen surface. b. They act as molecular adaptors that bridge together pathogen and phagocyte surfaces. c. They exert toxic effects directly. d. They act as opsonins that mediate phagocytosis. e. They activate complement fixation.arrow_forward
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