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Math Algebra Linear Algebra and Its Applications (5th Edition)

Describe how you might try to build a solution of a difference equation x k + 1 = A x k ( k = 0, 1, 2,...) if you were given the initial x 0 and this vector did not happen to be an eigenvector of A . [ Hint: How might you relate x 0 to eigenvectors of A ?]

Describe how you might try to build a solution of a difference equation x k + 1 = A x k ( k = 0, 1, 2,...) if you were given the initial x 0 and this vector did not happen to be an eigenvector of A . [ Hint: How might you relate x 0 to eigenvectors of A ?]

Linear Algebra and Its Applications (5th Edition)

Linear Algebra and Its Applications (5th Edition)

5th Edition

ISBN: 9780321982384

Author: David C. Lay, Steven R. Lay, Judi J. McDonald

Publisher: PEARSON

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Textbook Question

Chapter 5.1, Problem 34E

Describe how you might try to build a solution of a difference equation x_k_{+ 1} = Ax_k (k = 0, 1, 2,...) if you were given the initial x₀ and this vector did not happen to be an eigenvector of A. [Hint: How might you relate x₀ to eigenvectors of A?]

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Chapter 5.1, Problem 33E

Chapter 5.1, Problem 35E

Chapter 5 Solutions

Linear Algebra and Its Applications (5th Edition)

Ch. 5.1 - Is 5 an eigenvalue of A=[631305226]?Ch. 5.1 - If x is an eigenvector of A corresponding to ,...Ch. 5.1 - Suppose that b1 and b2 are eigenvectors...Ch. 5.1 - If A is an n n matrix and is an eigenvalue of A,...Ch. 5.1 - Is = 2 an eigenvalue of [3238]? Why or why not?Ch. 5.1 - Is = 2 an eigenvalue of [7331]? Why or why not?Ch. 5.1 - Is [14] an eigenvalue of [3138]? If so, find the...Ch. 5.1 - Is [1+21] an eigenvector of [2114]?If so, find the...Ch. 5.1 - Is [431] an eigenvalue of [379451244]? If so, find...Ch. 5.1 - Is [121] an eigenvalue of [367337565]? If so, find...

Ch. 5.1 - Is = 4 an eigenvalue of [301231345]? If so, find...Ch. 5.1 - Is = 3 an eigenvalue of [122321011]? If so, find...Ch. 5.1 - In Exercises 9-16, find a basis for the eigenspace...Ch. 5.1 - In Exercises 9-16, find a basis for the eigenspace...Ch. 5.1 - In Exercises 9-16, find a basis for the eigenspace...Ch. 5.1 - In Exercises 9-16, find a basis for the eigenspace...Ch. 5.1 - In Exercises 9-16, find a basis for the eigenspace...Ch. 5.1 - In Exercises 9-16, find a basis for the eigenspace...Ch. 5.1 - In Exercises 9-16, find a basis for the eigenspace...Ch. 5.1 - In Exercises 9-16, find a basis for the eigenspace...Ch. 5.1 - Find the eigenvalues of the matrices in Exercises...Ch. 5.1 - Find the eigenvalues of the matrices in Exercises...Ch. 5.1 - For A=[123123123], find one eigenvalue, with no...Ch. 5.1 - Without calculation, find one eigenvalue and two...Ch. 5.1 - a. If Ax = x for some vector x. then is an...Ch. 5.1 - a. If Ax = x for some scalar . then x is an...Ch. 5.1 - Explain why a 2 2 matrix can have at most two...Ch. 5.1 - Construct an example of a 2 2 matrix with only...Ch. 5.1 - Let be an eigenvalue of an invertible matrix A....Ch. 5.1 - Show that if A2 is the zero matrix, then the only...Ch. 5.1 - Show that is an eigenvalue of A if and only if ...Ch. 5.1 - Use Exercise 27 to complete the proof of Theorem 1...Ch. 5.1 - Consider an n n matrix A with the property that...Ch. 5.1 - Consider an n n matrix A with the property that...Ch. 5.1 - In Exercises 31 and 32, let A be the matrix of the...Ch. 5.1 - T is the transformation on 3 that rotates points...Ch. 5.1 - Let u and v be eigenvectors of a matrix A, with...Ch. 5.1 - Describe how you might try to build a solution of...Ch. 5.1 - Let u and v be the vectors shown in the figure,...Ch. 5.1 - Repeat Exercise 35, assuming u and v are...Ch. 5.2 - Find the characteristic equation and eigenvalues...Ch. 5.2 - Find the characteristic polynomial and the...Ch. 5.2 - Find the characteristic polynomial and the...Ch. 5.2 - Find the characteristic polynomial and the...Ch. 5.2 - Find the characteristic polynomial and the...Ch. 5.2 - Find the characteristic polynomial and the...Ch. 5.2 - Find the characteristic polynomial and the...Ch. 5.2 - Find the characteristic polynomial and the...Ch. 5.2 - Find the characteristic polynomial and the...Ch. 5.2 - Exercises 914 require techniques from Section 3.1....Ch. 5.2 - Exercises 914 require techniques from Section 3.1....Ch. 5.2 - Exercises 914 require techniques from Section 3.1....Ch. 5.2 - Exercises 914 require techniques from Section 3.1....Ch. 5.2 - Exercises 914 require techniques from Section 3.1....Ch. 5.2 - Exercises 914 require techniques from Section 3.1....Ch. 5.2 - For the matrices in Exercises 1517, list the...Ch. 5.2 - For the matrices in Exercises 15-17, list the...Ch. 5.2 - For the matrices in Exercises 15-17, list the...Ch. 5.2 - It can be shown that the algebraic multiplicity of...Ch. 5.2 - Let A be an n n matrix, and suppose A has n real...Ch. 5.2 - Use a property of determinants to show that A and...Ch. 5.2 - a. The determinant of A is the product of the...Ch. 5.2 - a. If A is 3 3, with columns a1, a2, and a3, then...Ch. 5.2 - A widely used method for estimating eigenvalues of...Ch. 5.2 - Show that if A and B are similar, then det A = det...Ch. 5.2 - Let A = [.6.3.4.7], v1 = [3/74/7], x0 = [.5.5]....Ch. 5.2 - Let A = [abcd]. Use formula (1) for a determinant...Ch. 5.2 - Let A = [.5.2.3.3.8.3.20.4], v1 = [.3.6.1], v2 =...Ch. 5.3 - Compute A8, where A = [4321].Ch. 5.3 - Let A = [31227], v1 = [31], and v2 = [21]. Suppose...Ch. 5.3 - Let A be a 4 4 matrix with eigenvalues 5, 3, and...Ch. 5.3 - In Exercises 1 and 2, let A = PDP1 and compute A4....Ch. 5.3 - In Exercises 1 and 2, let A = PDP1 and compute A4....Ch. 5.3 - In Exercises 3 and 4, use the factorization A =...Ch. 5.3 - In Exercises 3 and 4, use the factorization A =...Ch. 5.3 - In Exercises 5 and 6. the matrix A is factored in...Ch. 5.3 - In Exercises 5 and 6. the matrix A is factored in...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - Diagonalize the matrices in Exercises 720, if...Ch. 5.3 - In Exercises 21 and 22, A, B, P, and D are n n...Ch. 5.3 - In Exercises 21 and 22, A, B, P, and D are n n...Ch. 5.3 - A is a 5 5 matrix with two eigenvalues. One...Ch. 5.3 - A is a 3 3 matrix with two eigenvalues. Each...Ch. 5.3 - A is a 4 4 matrix with three eigenvalues. One...Ch. 5.3 - A is a 7 7 matrix with three eigenvalues. One...Ch. 5.3 - Show that if A is both diagonalizable and...Ch. 5.3 - Show that if A has n linearly independent...Ch. 5.3 - A factorization A = PDP1 is not unique....Ch. 5.3 - With A and D as in Example 2, find an invertible...Ch. 5.3 - Construct a nonzero 2 2 matrix that is invertible...Ch. 5.3 - Construct a nondiagonal 2 2 matrix that is...Ch. 5.4 - Find T(a0 + a1t + a1t2), if T is the linear...Ch. 5.4 - Let A, B, and C be n n matrices. The text has...Ch. 5.4 - Let B = b1,b2,b3 and D = d1,d2 be bases for vector...Ch. 5.4 - Let D = {d1, d2} and B = {b1, b2} be bases for...Ch. 5.4 - Let = e1,e2,e3 be the standard basis for 3, B =...Ch. 5.4 - Let B = b1,b2,b3 be a basis for a vector space V...Ch. 5.4 - Let T : 2 3 be the transformation that maps a...Ch. 5.4 - Let T : 2 4 be the transformation that maps a...Ch. 5.4 - Assume the mapping T : 2 2 defined by T(a0 + a1t...Ch. 5.4 - Let B = {b1, b2, b3} be a basis for a vector space...Ch. 5.4 - Define T :2 3 = by T (p) = [p(-1)p(0)p(1)]. a....Ch. 5.4 - Define T : 3 4 by T(p) = [p(-3)p(-1)p(1)p(3)]. a....Ch. 5.4 - In Exercises 11 and 12, find the B-matrix for the...Ch. 5.4 - In Exercises 11 and 12, find the B-matrix for the...Ch. 5.4 - In Exercises 1316, define T : 2 2 by T(x) = Ax....Ch. 5.4 - In Exercises 1316, define T : 2 2 by T(x) = Ax....Ch. 5.4 - In Exercises 1316, define T : 2 2 by T(x) = Ax....Ch. 5.4 - In Exercises 1316, define T : 2 2 by T(x) = Ax....Ch. 5.4 - Let A = [1113] and B = {b1, b2}, for b1 = [11], b2...Ch. 5.4 - Define T : 3 3 by T (x) = Ax, where A is a 3 3...Ch. 5.4 - Verify the statements in Exercises 1924. The...Ch. 5.4 - Verify the statements in Exercises 1924. The...Ch. 5.4 - Verify the statements in Exercises 1924. The...Ch. 5.4 - Verify the statements in Exercises 1924. The...Ch. 5.4 - Verify the statements in Exercises 1924. The...Ch. 5.4 - Verify the statements in Exercises 1924. The...Ch. 5.4 - The trace of a square matrix A is the sum of the...Ch. 5.4 - It can be shown that the trace of a matrix A...Ch. 5.4 - Let V be n with a basis B = {b1 ,, bn}; let W be n...Ch. 5.4 - Let V be a vector space with a basis B = {b1, ,...Ch. 5.4 - Let V be a vector space with a basis B = {b1, ...Ch. 5.4 - [M] In Exercises 30 and 31, find the B-matrix for...Ch. 5.4 - [M] In Exercises 30 and 31, find the B-matrix for...Ch. 5.5 - Show that if a and b are real, then the...Ch. 5.5 - Let each matrix in Exercises 16 act on 2. Find the...Ch. 5.5 - Let each matrix in Exercises 16 act on 2. Find the...Ch. 5.5 - Let each matrix in Exercises 16 act on 2. Find the...Ch. 5.5 - Let each matrix in Exercises 16 act on 2. Find the...Ch. 5.5 - Let each matrix in Exercises 16 act on 2. Find the...Ch. 5.5 - Let each matrix in Exercises 16 act on 2. Find the...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 712, use Example 6 to list the...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 712, use Example 6 to list the...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 712, use Example 6 to list the...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 712, use Example 6 to list the...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 712, use Example 6 to list the...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 712, use Example 6 to list the...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 1320, find an invertible matrix P and...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 1320, find an invertible matrix P and...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 1320, find an invertible matrix P and...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 1320, find an invertible matrix P and...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 1320, find an invertible matrix P and...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 1320, find an invertible matrix P and...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 1320, find an invertible matrix P and...Ch. 5.5 - In Exercises 1320, find an invertible matrix P and...Ch. 5.5 - In Example 2, solve the first equation in (2) for...Ch. 5.5 - Let A be a complex (or real) n n matrix, and let...Ch. 5.5 - Chapter 7 will focus on matrices A with the...Ch. 5.5 - Let A be an n n real matrix with the property...Ch. 5.5 - Let A be a real n n matrix, and let x be a vector...Ch. 5.5 - Let A be a real 2 2 matrix with a complex...Ch. 5.6 - The matrix A below has eigenvalues 1, 23, and 13,...Ch. 5.6 - What happens to the sequence {xk } in Practice...Ch. 5.6 - Let A be a 2 2 matrix with eigenvalues 3 and 1/3...Ch. 5.6 - Suppose the eigenvalues of a 3 3 matrix A are 3,...Ch. 5.6 - In Exercises 36, assume that any initial vector x0...Ch. 5.6 - Determine the evolution of the dynamical system in...Ch. 5.6 - In old-growth forests of Douglas fir, the spotted...Ch. 5.6 - Show that if the predation parameter p in Exercise...Ch. 5.6 - Let A have the properties described in Exercise 1....Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 8E Ch. 5.6 - In Exercises 914, classify the origin as an...Ch. 5.6 - In Exercises 914, classify the origin as an...Ch. 5.6 - In Exercises 914, classify the origin as an...Ch. 5.6 - In Exercises 914, classify the origin as an...Ch. 5.6 - In Exercises 914, classify the origin as an...Ch. 5.6 - In Exercises 914, classify the origin as an...Ch. 5.6 - Let A = [.40.2.3.8.3.3.2.5]. The vector v1 = [163]...Ch. 5.7 - A real 3 3 matrix A has eigenvalues .5, .2 + .3i,...Ch. 5.7 - A real 3 3 matrix A has eigenvalues .5, .2 + .3i....Ch. 5.7 - A real 3 3 matrix A has eigenvalues 5, .2 + .3i,...Ch. 5.7 - A panicle moving in a planar force field has a...Ch. 5.7 - Let A be a 2 2 matrix with eigenvalues 3 and 1...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 36, solve the initial value problem...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 36, solve the initial value problem...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 36, solve the initial value problem...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 36, solve the initial value problem...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 7 and 8, make a change of variable...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 7 and 8, make a change of variable...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 918, construct the general solution...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 918, construct the general solution...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 918, construct the general solution...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 918, construct the general solution...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 918, construct the general solution...Ch. 5.7 - In Exercises 918, construct the general solution...Ch. 5.7 - [M] Find formulas for the voltages v1 and v2 (as...Ch. 5.7 - [M] Find formulas for the voltages v1 and v2 for...Ch. 5.7 - [M] Find formulas for the current it and the...Ch. 5.7 - [M] The circuit in the figure is described by the...Ch. 5.8 - How can you tell if a given vector x is a good...Ch. 5.8 - In Exercises 14, the matrix A is followed by a...Ch. 5.8 - In Exercises 14, the matrix A is followed by a...Ch. 5.8 - In Exercises 14, the matrix A is followed by a...Ch. 5.8 - In Exercises 14, the matrix A is followed by a...Ch. 5.8 - Let A = [15162021]. The vectors x, , A5x are...Ch. 5.8 - Let A = [2367]. Repeat Exercise 5, using the...Ch. 5.8 - Exercises 13 and 14 apply to a 3 3 matrix A whose...Ch. 5.8 - Exercises 13 and 14 apply to a 3 3 matrix A whose...Ch. 5.8 - Suppose Ax = x with x 0. Let or be a scalar...Ch. 5.8 - Suppose n is an eigenvalue of the B in Exercise...Ch. 5.8 - A common misconception is that if A has a strictly...Ch. 5 - Mark each statement as True or False. Justify each...Ch. 5 - Show that if x is an eigenvector of the matrix...Ch. 5 - Suppose x is an eigenvector of A corresponding to...Ch. 5 - Use mathematical induction to show that if is an...Ch. 5 - If p(t) = c0 + c1t + c2t2 + + cntn, define p(A)...Ch. 5 - Suppose A = PDP1, where P is 2 2 and D = [2007]....Ch. 5 - Suppose A is diagonalizable and p(t) is the...Ch. 5 - a. Let A be a diagonalizable n n matrix. Show...Ch. 5 - Show that I A is invertible when all the...Ch. 5 - Show that if A is diagonalizable, with all...Ch. 5 - Let u be an eigenvector of A corresponding to an...Ch. 5 - Let G = [AX0B] Use formula (1) for the determinant...Ch. 5 - Use Exercise 12 to find the eigenvalues of the...Ch. 5 - Use Exercise 12 to find the eigenvalues of the...Ch. 5 - Let J be the n n matrix of all 1s, and consider A...Ch. 5 - Apply the result of Exercise 15 to find the...Ch. 5 - Let A = [a11a12a21a22]. Recall from Exercise 25 in...Ch. 5 - Let A = [.4.3.41.2]. Explain why Ak approaches...Ch. 5 - Exercises 1923 concern the polynomial p(t) = a0 +...Ch. 5 - Exercises 1923 concern the polynomial p(t) = a0 +...Ch. 5 - Use mathematical induction to prove that for n 2,...Ch. 5 - Exercises 1923 concern the polynomial p(t) = a0 +...Ch. 5 - Exercises 1923 concern the polynomial p(t) = a0 +...

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