1 SEM ACC W/RAVEN CARDED
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781265486297
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 51, Problem 1IQ
Why might it be adaptive for an individual to be female at small size and become male when very large? Under what circumstances might the opposite condition, protandry, evolve?
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Some marine fishes exhibit a spectacular polyphenism, in that individuals can, under special circumstances, change their sex from female to male (in other species, the switch goes from male to female). This developmental change involves reproductive organs, hormones, and mating behavior (Warner 1984). In some species, the removal of a dominant, breeding male from a cluster of females triggers a sex change in the largest female present. Identify the apparent developmental restrictions imposed on this system, such as the requirement that a female be transformed into a male rather than some sort of intermediate sex. Speculate on the benefits associated with each restriction.
In many hummingbird species in North America, males but not females have a bright red throat patch and both sexes show a preference for red-colored flowers over those with different colors. How would you determine that the sexual dimorphism in throat patch coloration in male hummingbirds evolved by sensory exploitation?
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Males -- because fewer are available to mate
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In chimps, females mate multiply and sperm live for a long time
In chimps, females mate only one, and sperm live for a long time
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Which of the following sexual traits is…
Chapter 51 Solutions
1 SEM ACC W/RAVEN CARDED
Ch. 51.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 51.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 51.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 51.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 51.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 51.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 51.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 51.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 51.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 51.4 - Explain ovulation and the female reproductive...
Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 51.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 51.5 - Describe causes of infertility.Ch. 51 - Prob. 1DACh. 51 - Why might it be adaptive for an individual to be...Ch. 51 - Prob. 2IQCh. 51 - Why do you think the brain is affected when the...Ch. 51 - You have discovered a new organism living in tide...Ch. 51 - Prob. 2UCh. 51 - Prob. 3UCh. 51 - Which of the following structures is the site of...Ch. 51 - FSH and LH are produced by the a. ovaries. b....Ch. 51 - Prob. 6UCh. 51 - Mutations that affect proteins in the acrosome...Ch. 51 - In humans, fertilization occurs in the____, and...Ch. 51 - The testicles of male mammals are suspended in the...Ch. 51 - Prob. 1ACh. 51 - Which of the following is a major difference...Ch. 51 - Prob. 3ACh. 51 - Internal and external fertilization differ in that...Ch. 51 - Prob. 1SCh. 51 - Why do you think that amphibians and many fish...Ch. 51 - How are the functions of FSH and LH similar in...Ch. 51 - Prob. 4SCh. 51 - Why are all parthenogenic parents female?
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following sexual traits is LEAST likely to have evolved due to male-male competition for mates, also known as intraspecific sexual selection?a) Enlarged femurs that an insect uses to kick other malesb) Brushes on the tip of a dragonfly penis used to remove sperm of other malesc) Mate-guarding behavior of a warbler during the female’s fertile periodd) Elongated tails of the male swordtail fish used during courtshiparrow_forwardExplain the advantage that populations of sexually reproducing organisms have over asexually reproducing organisms?arrow_forwardWhat is migration? Why do animals show this phenomenon?arrow_forward
- Some fish in a murky underground lake have lighter scales than the others. This makes it slightly harder for the lighter fish to escape detection by predators, but most light-colored fish live long enough to reproduce. A natural event separates the dark-scaled fish from their light-scaled cousins, and as a result, a new species of dark-scaled fish emerges. Which statement accurately describes the scenario?arrow_forwardWith your knowledge of sexual selection theory, can you formulate a hypothesis that explains why female courtship might have evolved in this species? Is there anything about pipefish biology that might support your hypothesis?arrow_forwardIs sexual selection or natural selection the driver for the differences between males and females? a. In the hollyhock weevil (Rhopalapion longirostre) the females a have much longer rostrum. The length of rostrum is correlated with offspring survival but not mating frequency. b. In the marine iguana species (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) on the islands near Ecuador the males often exceed expected size on a given island. Male size is correlated with survival and number of mating events.arrow_forward
- The cnidaria, jelly fish, are the first organisms to exhibit? a) an ectoderm layer b) endoderm layer with digestive cells that release enzymes in to a digestive structure c) ectoderm cells that specialize to become cells which react to a stimulus and produce movement d) a water-based internal environment (prebiotic ocean) between the ectoderm and the endoderm e) all are true for cnidariaarrow_forwardIn social insects, colonies often consist of a queen and workers. The workers are typicallydaughters of the queen. The queen is the only reproductive individual—the workers aresterile. a) According to Hamiton’s rule, what is the maximum ratio of cost to benefit (C/B) for theworkers in order for this system to evolve?b) Some colonies of ants have multiple queens, which can be related to different degrees.Imagine that two sisters start a colony, so that they are the mother or aunt to allworkers. What is the maximum ratio of cost to benefit (C/B) for the workers to sacrificefor their aunts?arrow_forwardYou are raising a stock of Drosophila flies in which you have clipped off the wings of each individual. Assume that this treatment does not disrupt their mating success (it would). If you clip off the wings in each subsequent generation, what would you expect to observe in the 50th generation? Why? This is an example of whose ideas in evolution?arrow_forward
- Describe thoroughly the selective advantages and disadvantages organisms that reproduce sexually have over those that reproduce asexually, as well as the ramifications of mate choice on the traits present in species. The following questions could help answer the question above. What are the advantages of sexual reproduction? What are the disadvantages? How do traits selected by sexual selection and those selected by differential survival mix in an animal species? i.e. is it more important to mate or survive? Use specific examples to illustrate your point. Your answers should indicate an understanding of the mechanism behind natural selection. Propose a scenario where asexual reproduction would be favorable.arrow_forwardWhy is mating important in external fertilization of animals? A) It ensures survival of offspring B) It ensures sperm dilution C) For pleasure D) It ensures fertilizationarrow_forwardA male and female gibbon that are similar in size likely demonstrate the lack of sexual dimorphism… A : due to the polygamous social structure in gibbons. B : as the result of unequal access to resources within their environment. C : which is not related to social structure in gibbons. D : due to adaptations related to Allen’s rule. E : due to decreased competition for mates in a monogamous social structure.arrow_forward
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