High levels of cockpit noise in an aircraft can damage the hearing of pilots who are exposed to this hazard for many hours. Cockpit noise in a jet aircraft is mostly due to airflow at hundreds of miles per hour. This 3 × 3
- i. P(B)
- ii. P(L)
- iii. P(H | C)
- iv. P(H | D)
- v. P(L and B)
- vi. P(L and C)
a.
Calculate each probability (i-vi) and explain it meaning in words.
Answer to Problem 96CE
i. The probability
ii. The probability
iii. The probability
iv. The probability
v. The probability
vi. The probability
Explanation of Solution
Calculation:
The given table shows that cockpit noise levels in the jet aircraft.
The given contingency table is,
Flight Phase | ||||
Noise Level | Climb (B) | Cruise (C) | Descent (D) | Row Total |
Low (L) | 6 | 2 | 6 | 14 |
Medium (M) | 18 | 3 | 8 | 29 |
High (H) | 1 | 3 | 14 | 18 |
Column Total | 25 | 8 | 28 | 61 |
For (i)
The formula for finding the probability
Substitute 25 for ‘Frequency for the class B’ and 61 for ‘Total frequencies in the distribution’
Therefore, the probability
For (ii)
The formula for finding the probability
Substitute 14 for ‘Frequency for the class L’ and 61 for ‘Total frequencies in the distribution’
Therefore, the probability
For (iii)
The formula for finding the probability
Substitute 3 for ‘Frequency for the class H and C’ and 8 for ‘Frequency for the class C’,
Therefore, the probability
For (iv)
The formula for finding the probability
Substitute 14 for ‘Frequency for the class H and D’ and 28 for ‘Frequency for the class D’,
Therefore, the probability
For (v)
The formula for finding the probability
Substitute 6 for ‘Frequency for the class L and B’ and 61 for ‘Total frequencies in the distribution’,
Therefore, the probability
For (vi)
The formula for finding the probability
Substitute 2 for ‘Frequency for the class L and C’ and 61 for ‘Total frequencies in the distribution’,
Therefore, the probability
b.
Check whether there is evidence that noise level depends on flight phase. Also, explain the reason.
Answer to Problem 96CE
Yes, there is evidence that noise level depends on flight phase because
Explanation of Solution
Calculation:
Special law of multiplication:
If two events A and B are independent, then
Consider noise level as High and flight phase type as cruise.
The formula for checking independence is,
Here, it is observed that
c.
Identify the ambient noise is an ergonomic issue.
Explanation of Solution
Answers may vary: One of the answers is given below:
Some of the ambient noises are an ergonomic issues are,
- • The noise from the heavy machines running in a factory.
- • The excess sound created by vehicles in the traffic signals.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Gen Combo Ll Applied Statistics In Business & Economics; Connect Access Card
- What is the decibel level of a train whistle with intensity 103 watts per square inch?arrow_forwardWhat is the decibel level heavy city traffic with intensity 103 watts per square inch?arrow_forwardWhat is the decibel level of one of the new quiet dishwashers with intensity 107 watts per square inch?arrow_forward
- An earthquake in Mexico in 1985 had and intensity level about 125, 000, 000 times the reference intensity. Find the Richter number for that earthquake.arrow_forwardFind the mean hourly cost when the cell phone described above is used for 240 minutes.arrow_forwardIn 1906, San Francisco experienced an intense earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale. In 1989, the Loma Prieta earthquake also affected the San Francisco area, and measured 6.9 on the Richter scale. Compare the intensities of the two earthquakes.arrow_forward
- Identify the methods of computing dispersion?arrow_forwardA histogram titled "20 Busiest North American Airports" has a horizontal axis labeled "Total Passengers (Millions)" and a vertical axis labeled "Frequency" with values from 0 to 10. The histogram has 8 bars. Each bar is associated with a label and an approximate value as listed below. Frequency 10 O 0 7 02 8 3 30-39.9 20 Busiest North American Airports 40-49.9 50-59.9 Total Passengers (Millions) What is the lowest frequency value? 60-69.9 70-79.9 80-89.9 90-99.9 100-109.9arrow_forwardAn example of the statistical treatment of an urban spot speed study is given below. Table 10.2 shows a set of 130 observations of spot speeds made by timing vehicles through a "trap" of 88 feet. In this example, the stopwatch data are grouped into 0.2 sec classes (a 1/5 sec stopwatch was used to obtain the data). The first column of the table shows the midpoint of each group. The second column shows the frequency of the observations. The cumulative percent shown in the third column is obtained by dividing each cumulative frequency (for example, 8 vehicles took 5 sec or longer to pass through the trap) by the total number of observations and multiplying by 100 (8 x 100/130 = 6.2 percent). The next two columns are computed to develop the average and variance of the space distribution. The sixth column indicates the speed of each time class and the last two columns are used to obtain the average speed and variance of the time distribution. Spot Speed Study Calculations (1) (2) Number…arrow_forward
- The geoemetric mean of 2, 4 & 8.arrow_forwardIf a psychologist summarized data for a variable in a frequency table but finds that there are so many values that the table is too cumbersome to be useful, what could he create to make the data easier to view and understand?arrow_forwardThe table below shows the number of deaths in the U.S. in a year due to a variety of causes. For these questions, assume these values are not changing from year to year, and that the population of the United States is 312 million people. Cause Deaths Passenger car occupant 14000 Motorcycle driver 4,300 Tornado 553 Skydiving 89 h) People sometimes claim motorcycle riding is less dangerous than car driving. Does the data support this claim? What additional information and/or calculations would be useful to evaluate this claim?arrow_forward
- Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...AlgebraISBN:9781680331141Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURTPublisher:Houghton Mifflin HarcourtGlencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
- Algebra for College StudentsAlgebraISBN:9781285195780Author:Jerome E. Kaufmann, Karen L. SchwittersPublisher:Cengage LearningIntermediate AlgebraAlgebraISBN:9781285195728Author:Jerome E. Kaufmann, Karen L. SchwittersPublisher:Cengage LearningCollege Algebra (MindTap Course List)AlgebraISBN:9781305652231Author:R. David Gustafson, Jeff HughesPublisher:Cengage Learning