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International Investment Projects In March 2014, BMW announced plans to spend $1 billion to expand production at its South Carolina plant. The plant produced the second-generation BMW X3 as well as the company’s X5 and X6 models. The new investment would allow BMW to build the new, larger X7. BMW apparently felt it would be better able to compete and create value with a U.S.-based facility. In fact BMW actually expected to export 70 percent of the X3s produced in South Carolina. Also in 2014, Swiss power storage company Alevo Group announced plans to build a $1billion plant in North Carolina, and gun manufacturer Beretta announced plans to open a plant in Tennessee. What are some of the reasons that foreign manufacturers of products as diverse as automobiles, batteries, and guns might arrive at the same conclusion to build plants in the United States?
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Corporate Finance (The Mcgraw-hill/Irwin Series in Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate)
- Global Reach, Inc., is considering opening a new warehouse to serve the Southwest region. Darnell Moore, controller for Global Reach, has been reading about the advantages of foreign trade zones. He wonders if locating in one would be of benefit to his company, which imports about 90 percent of its merchandise (e.g., chess sets from the Philippines, jewelry from Thailand, pottery from Mexico, etc.). Darnell estimates that the new warehouse will store imported merchandise costing about 16.78 million per year. Inventory shrinkage at the warehouse (due to breakage and mishandling) is about 8 percent of the total. The average tariff rate on these imports is 5.5 percent. Required: 1. If Global Reach locates the warehouse in a foreign trade zone, how much will be saved in tariffs? Why? (Round your answer to the nearest dollar.) 2. Suppose that, on average, the merchandise stays in a Global Reach warehouse for nine months before shipment to retailers. Carrying cost for Global Reach is 6 percent per year. If Global Reach locates the warehouse in a foreign trade zone, how much will be saved in carrying costs? What will the total tariff-related savings be? (Round your answers to the nearest dollar.) 3. Suppose that the shifting economic situation leads to a new tariff rate of 13 percent, and a new carrying cost of 6.5 percent per year. To combat these increases, Global Reach has instituted a total quality program emphasizing reducing shrinkage. The new shrinkage rate is 7 percent. Given this new information, if Global Reach locates the warehouse in a foreign trade zone, how much will be saved in carrying costs? What will the total tariff-related savings be? (Round your answers to the nearest dollar.)arrow_forwardGlobal Electronics Inc. invested $1,000,000 to build a plant in a foreign country. The labor and materials used in production are purchased locally. The plant expansion was estimated to pro-duce an internal rate of return of 20% in U.S. dollar terms. Due to a currency crisis, the currency exchange rate between the local currency and the U.S. dollar doubled from two local units per U.S. dollar to four local units per U.S. dollar. Write a brief memo to the chief financial officer, Tom Greene, explaining the impact that the currency exchange rate change would have on the project’s internal rate of return if (1) the plant produced and sold product in the local economy only, and (2) the plant produced all product locally and exported all product to the United States for sale.arrow_forwardA consumer product firm is considering making a major investment in China. The investment is expected to cost $5 billion, and the present value (PV) of the expected cash flows on the investment is only $3.5 billion. However, the firm believes that there are substantial expansion opportunities in China. Would that justify investing the $5 billion? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- MMA plc., is a UK-based manufacturer of heavy machine components for the power industry. MMA exports a significant proportion of its products to clients in the US. In order to compete with other US suppliers of heavy machine components, MMA prices its exports in US dollars. It is March 2021 and MMA has just shipped a large consignment worth $50 million to TLP Inc., one of MMA’s major clients in the US. Payment for this shipment is due in 90-days. MMA treasury department is concerned about the recent volatility of the dollar[1]pound exchange rates and has suggested that its exposure to the US dollar should be hedged. The following currency and money market quotes are available today: Spot Rate (bid – ask): US$1.5077/£ - US$1.5379/£ Barclays 90-day forward quote ((bid – ask): US$1.5025/£ - US$1.5432 90-day dollar deposit interest rate: 0.8% per annum 90-day pound deposit interest: 1.2% per annum 90-day US dollar borrowing rate: 1.2% per annum 90-day pound borrowing rate: 1.8% per annum…arrow_forwardA bank is considering two alternatives for handling its service calls in the next decade ( treat this as one period). The projected number of service calls is 10,000,000. If the bank sets up its own service call center in the U.S., the fixed cost is estimated to be $2,700,000, and the variable cost is calculated to be 32 cents per call. If the call service is outsourced to a foreign company, the fixed cost would be $240,000, and the unit charge would be 57 cents per call. (a)What is the break-even number of service calls? (b)Would the bank set up its own service call center or outsource call handlings? (Enter 1 for Produce or enter O for Outsource) (C)What would be the dollar amount that the bank can save by choosing the better option? (Cost difference between the two options)arrow_forwardSandrine Machinery is a Swiss multinational manufacturingcompany. Currently, Sandrine’s financial planners are considering undertaking a 1-yearproject in the United States. The project’s expected dollar-denominated cash flows consistof an initial investment of $2,000 and a cash inflow the following year of $2,400. Sandrineestimates that its risk-adjusted cost of capital is 10%. Currently, 1 U.S. dollar will buy0.96 Swiss franc. In addition, 1-year risk-free securities in the United States are yielding3%, while similar securities in Switzerland are yielding 1.50%.a. If this project was instead undertaken by a similar U.S.-based company with the samerisk-adjusted cost of capital, what would be the net present value and rate of returngenerated by this project?b. What is the expected forward exchange rate 1 year from now?c. If Sandrine undertakes the project, what is the net present value and rate of return ofthe project for Sandrine?arrow_forward
- Various industries suffer from an acute shortage of semiconductors (an essential component in electronic gadgets). Since the start of 2022, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. (TSMC), the world's largest contract chipmaker, increased chip prices by as much as 20%. United Microelectronics (UMC) has also issued a price increase of its own, raising quotes for 28nm and 22nm processes. A third semiconductor manufacturer based in China-Semiconductor Manufacturing International (SMIC) has joined TSMC and UMC in raising its prices for 28nm and 40nm processes. i. Consider the market for semiconductors is perfectly competitive. What will be the impact of an increase in prices for semiconductors on manufacturers' profits in the short and long-run? Explain your answer with reference to the law of supply. ii. Now consider that the semiconductors market is an oligopoly, where TSMC, UMC and SMIC control 90 per cent of the market share. Do you think the unanimous action of the three giant…arrow_forwardCalculate the NPV of the proposed investment, using the inputs suggested in this case. How sensitive is this NPV to future sales volume? *The answer is 15.7 million; please show me the work.arrow_forwardShimada Products Corporation of Japan is anxious to enter the electronic calculator market. Management believes that in order to be competitive in world markets, the price of the electronic calculator that the company is developing cannot exceed $15. Shimada’s required rate of return is 12% on all investments. An investment of $5,000,000 would be required to purchase the equipment needed to produce the 300,000 calculators that management believes can be sold each year at the $15 price.Required:Compute the target cost of one calculator.arrow_forward
- Micheal’s Machinery is a German multinational manufacturing company. Currently, Micheal’s financial planners are considering undertaking a 1-year project in the United States. The project's expected dollar-denominated cash flows consist of an initial investment of $2000 and a cash inflow the following year of $2400. Micheal’s estimates that its risk-adjusted cost of capital is 12%. Currently, 1 U.S. dollar will buy 0.7 Germany. In addition, 1-year risk-free securities in the United States are yielding 6.5%, while similar securities in Germany’s are yielding 4.5%. If this project was instead undertaken by a similar U.S.-based company with the same risk-adjusted cost of capital, what would be the net present value and rate of return generated by this project? Round your answers to two decimal places. What is the expected forward exchange rate 1 year from now? Round your answer to two decimal places. If Micheal undertakes the project, what is the net present value and rate of return of…arrow_forwardImperial Motors is considering producing its popular Rooster model in China. This will involve an initial investment of CNY 4.1 billion. The plant will start production after one year. It is expected to last for five years and have a salvage value at the end of this period of CNY 501 million in real terms. The plant will produce 200,000 cars a year. The firm anticipates that in the first year, it will be able to sell each car for CNY 66,000, and thereafter the price is expected to increase by 4% a year. Raw materials for each car are forecasted to cost CNY 19,000 in the first year, and these costs are predicted to increase by 3% annually. Total labor costs for the plant are expected to be CNY 1.2 billion in the first year and thereafter will increase by 7% a year. The land on which the plant is built can be rented for five years at a fixed cost of CNY 301 million a year payable at the beginning of each year. Imperial's discount rate for this type of project is 14% (nominal). The…arrow_forwardA manufacturer in Nebraska ships finished products to the ocean port in San Diego, California. New loading facilities will be needed to accommodate the expected growth in sales for their new product. In 2018, the company shipped 3.5 million pounds of product through several areas in San Diego. The logistic Costs in 2018 are given in the table. Due to growth in emerging markets, the company expects a growth rate of 8% per year through this port for the next five years.Rail Truck Transportation Variable Cost $ 170,000 $ 310,000 Inventory CostsCarrying 40,000 25,000 handling 15,000 40,000 Ordering 5,000 15,000 Fixed Cost 160,000 90,000 Total Cost $ 390,000 $ 480,000 A. What is the variable cost of each transportation method (Rail and Truck)? B. What is the cost to ship 4 million pounds of products for each transportation method? (Note: Round the variable cost per pound to 4 decimal places) C. At what level of demand per year would these two transportation methods be equal in terms of…arrow_forward
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